tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7242865774857974942024-03-27T16:53:14.159-07:00FASHION and CULTURELARGEST FASHION COLLECTION! like wedding dresses, designer dresses, lawn dresses, men fashion, hair styles, decoration, dances, recipes and much more...almin Gorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02242820975265328843noreply@blogger.comBlogger463125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-724286577485797494.post-27423915723912991472018-12-08T03:10:00.001-08:002023-10-13T08:06:32.430-07:00MARRIAGE HALLS LIST (2)<script async src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-7696650876178866"
crossorigin="anonymous"></script><div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
This is the updated list of Marriage/Wedding Halls of Hyderabad Pakistan.<br />
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updated on: 8/12/2018<br />
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<span style="color: #660000; font-size: large;"><b><u><i>OPEN GARDENS</i></u></b></span><br />
<span style="color: #990000; font-size: large;"><b><u><i><span style="color: #660000;"></span><br /></i></u></b></span>
1. V.I.P GARDEN<br />
unit no 2 Latifabad<br />
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2. PUBLIC GARDEN<br />
unit no:2 latifabad<br />
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3.CENTER POINT<br />
unit no: 2 latifabad<br />
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4. DUBAI LAWN<br />
unit no:2 latifabad<br />
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5. GULFISHAN GARDEN<br />
unit no:7 latifabad<br />
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6. AL-RAYAN GARDEN<br />
unit no:7 latifabad<br />
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7. KING PALACE<br />
unit no: 7 latifabad<br />
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8. QUEEN PALACE<br />
unit no: 7 latifabad<br />
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9. SHADMAN PALACE<br />
unit no: 6 latifabad<br />
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10. MEHMOOD MARRIAGE GARDEN<br />
unit no 7 latifabad<br />
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11. SHADI QILA<br />
unit no:7 latifabad<br />
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12. SHADI MILAP<br />
Unit no 7 latifabad<br />
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13. JUBILEE GARDEN<br />
unit no 11 latifabad<br />
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14. MUBARAK LAWN<br />
unit no: 11 latifabad<br />
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15. AL-WARIS PALACE<br />
unit no 12 latifabad<br />
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16. BISMILLAH PALACE<br />
unit no:1o latifabad<br />
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17. MARVI LAWN<br />
qasimabad<br />
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<b><i><u><span style="color: #660000; font-size: large;">CLUBS/ SEMI CLOSED LAWN</span></u></i></b><br />
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1.KING CLUB<br />
unit no 2 latifabad<br />
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2. ROYAL CLUB<br />
unit no 2 latifabad<br />
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3. STAR CLUB<br />
unit no 11 latifabad<br />
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4. ASIM CLUB<br />
unit no.11 latifabad<br />
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5. RIVAJ CLUB<br />
unit no 11 latifabad<br />
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<b></b><i></i><u></u><span style="font-size: large;"></span><span style="color: #660000;"></span><br />
<b><i><u><span style="color: #660000; font-size: large;">BANQUETS</span></u></i></b><br />
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1. AL- RAFFIQUE BANQUET<br />
unit no:2 latifabad<br />
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2. HYPER STAR BANQUET<br />
unit no 2 latifabaf<br />
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3. MARINA BANQUET<br />
unit no: 7 latifabad<br />
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4. MUSARRAT BANQUET<br />
unit no 6 latifabad<br />
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5. FUSION BANQUET<br />
unit no:7 latifabad<br />
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6. AL-HARAM BANQUET<br />
unit no 11 latifabad<br />
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7. SARI BANQUET<br />
unit no 6 latifabad<br />
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8. QASIM BANQUET<br />
qasimabad near askari park<br />
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9. BURJ HALL BANQUET<br />
unit no:7 latifabad<br />
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10. PEARL BANQUET<br />
unit no 2 latifabad<br />
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11. CRYSTAL BANQUET<br />
unit no:2 latifabad<br />
<br /></div>
almin Gorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02242820975265328843noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-724286577485797494.post-44414050853318232622018-12-08T01:23:00.002-08:002018-12-08T01:23:59.231-08:00ANTIQUE SILVER METAL LEAVES JEWELRY SET<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
This beautiful Heart touching silver metal leaves bridal jewelry se is available for sell online<br />
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to order whats app to:<br />
+923133328711<br />
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<img border="0" data-original-height="960" data-original-width="960" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuRmJOaK_kUqqcyLRR3F0zIyJpYEf5o0hWfJ5H6nPgR1nkH-mr5tNbhgkBpRU1E33jtpy0UF50WVw9yBUr4uJ-nerQqG9N4v23faXK8klZrlE_wTk4Q069qFSxa1RC8q6RrsgrT6214aY/s640/47471007_1989498624421410_722944700742369280_n.jpg" width="640" /></div>
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almin Gorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02242820975265328843noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-724286577485797494.post-38552192056291056142018-12-08T01:16:00.000-08:002018-12-08T01:19:52.650-08:00ANTIQUE GREEN GOLDEN JEWELRY SET<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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This beautiful antique green golden jewelry set by "WEDDING ZEVAR" is available for sell. It is really beautiful and unique set and we have only one piece so get hurry to grab!!</div>
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To order whats app to:</div>
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+923133328711</div>
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almin Gorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02242820975265328843noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-724286577485797494.post-75346820746308705432018-08-01T11:22:00.000-07:002018-08-03T08:28:22.375-07:00SHABANA. "A deserving poet."<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="color: white; font-family: "aldhabi"; font-size: 20pt; margin: 0px;">اے خدا تیری اس دنیا
میں آ کے</span><span style="color: white; font-family: "aldhabi"; font-size: 20pt; margin: 0px;"></span></div>
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<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="color: white; font-family: "aldhabi"; font-size: 20pt; margin: 0px;">ہم ہار گئےاپنی تقدیر
کے آگے</span><span style="color: white; font-family: "aldhabi"; font-size: 20pt; margin: 0px;"></span></div>
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<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="color: white; font-family: "aldhabi"; font-size: 20pt; margin: 0px;">تم نے ھی ہمیں بنایا
اور تم ہی مٹاوگے ہم کو</span><span style="color: white; font-family: "aldhabi"; font-size: 20pt; margin: 0px;"></span></div>
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<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="color: white; font-family: "aldhabi"; font-size: 20pt; margin: 0px;">تو پھر کیوں مانگیں
کسی اور سے جا کے</span><span style="color: white; font-family: "aldhabi"; font-size: 20pt; margin: 0px;"></span></div>
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<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="color: white; font-family: "aldhabi"; font-size: 20pt; margin: 0px;">تم کو ہی سجدہ کرتے
ہیں اور تم سے ہی دعا مانگتے ہیں</span><span style="color: white; font-family: "aldhabi"; font-size: 20pt; margin: 0px;"></span></div>
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<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="color: white; font-family: "aldhabi"; font-size: 20pt; margin: 0px;">تو ہی اے خدا ہماری ہر
مشکل کو مٹا دے۔</span><span style="color: white; font-family: "aldhabi"; font-size: 20pt; margin: 0px;"></span></div>
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<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="color: white; font-family: "aldhabi"; font-size: 20pt; margin: 0px;">تو ہی سب کی تقدیر
لکھنے والا ہے</span><span style="color: white; font-family: "aldhabi"; font-size: 20pt; margin: 0px;"></span></div>
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<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="color: white; font-family: "aldhabi"; font-size: 20pt; line-height: 107%; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: black;">ہماری ہر مشکل آسان ہو جاے ایسی تقدیر بنادے۔۔۔۔۔</span></span></div>
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These beautiful lines are written by a poor lady name "SHABANA",</div>
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who lives in a small village "Mallah Mori" located in Rural area of Hyderabad Sindh, Pakistan.</div>
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She belongs to a village where there is no concept of education, specially for females, they cannot even memorize their exact ages, but this lady not only read but write URDU POETRY.</div>
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She is living a tough life with her husband and three children, poverty is not the only problem of her family, but the toughest part of her life is that her children suffer from HEREDITARY-BLOOD CLOTTING disorder called "VON-WILLEBRAND DISEASE" or "Factor-8 deficiency syndrome".</div>
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This is an autosomal dominant disorder that leads to excess bleeding, growth retardation, severe anemia and even early childhood death. She has lost her one daughter with same disorder and another daughter is under treatment! </div>
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She requires, multiple blood transfusions, medications and laboratory investigations that all cost MONEY!!!</div>
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In spite of her poverty she has decided to fight with all her problems, although she has no any "educational degree" but she has a million-dollar skill, and that is "Poetry skill". She wants her skill to be use as her strength. She has written 3 books of Urdu poetry yet, but she has no access to publication and of course not enough money to bear the expenses, She wants some magazine to publish her poetry, so that her voice can be heard long a way.</div>
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I have a humble request to all people reading this that what ever you can do for this lady please go ahead, You can help her in many ways, by donating her money, by providing her daughter with a good treatment, by helping her in publishing her books or at least by spreading her story to everyone, so that someone can bring her out from her difficulties and most important by Making DUA for her.</div>
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These are the pictures of two poetries that she shown to me. In memory of her daughter that she has lost she has written a very sad poem with name "MAA BETI K LIYE NAZM" (poetry for mother and daughter)</div>
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Anyone willing to help this lady may contact her through these numbers:<br />
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+923203030876<br />
+923327734761<br />
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almin Gorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02242820975265328843noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-724286577485797494.post-29306849285317863042017-10-02T02:43:00.000-07:002017-10-02T02:48:01.214-07:00ONLINE WOMEN CLOTHING STORE (Ash colored fancy dress)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="color: #660000; font-size: large;">Its a fact that most of the Women love shopping, and for shopping the hot favorite item is obviously "Clothes"and they should be according to their choice, good quality and fashion, finding a good cloth shop is a very difficult process specially if you are new in market and it may take several hours for just buying a single dress. In today's busy life it is quite difficult to give your precious time to a single dress, but the truth is a good dress is also a "need: of working women.</span><br />
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<span style="color: #660000; font-size: large;"> Well its an Era of Online Shopping, whatever you need just open your internet and you can have it at your home with in no time! So, all those busy women can now have access to best quality, New fashion, designer wear and cheap clothes at their door step! you need wedding wears, lawn dresses, jewelry, jackets, slippers... just dial a number and get it now!</span></div>
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<span style="color: #660000; font-size: large;"> N.A.Z Fashion Boutique is name of best quality now Proudly announce online delivery service for their respectable customers. You can get your Item by just dialing our contact number.</span>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"> </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: purple; font-size: x-large;"><b><u>0346-2765377</u></b></span></span><br />
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<span style="color: #274e13; font-size: large;">Collection: Fancy</span></div>
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<span style="color: #274e13; font-size: large;">Quality: best</span></div>
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<span style="color: #274e13; font-size: large;">Pieces: 4</span></div>
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<span style="color: #274e13; font-size: large;">Design: Embroidered</span></div>
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<span style="color: #274e13; font-size: large;">Cloth: Chiffon</span></div>
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<span style="color: #274e13; font-size: large;">Order now: </span><b style="background-color: white; color: purple; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: xx-large;"><u>0346-2765377</u></b></div>
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almin Gorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02242820975265328843noreply@blogger.com9tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-724286577485797494.post-24527319728838474342017-10-01T12:37:00.003-07:002017-10-01T12:37:24.562-07:00HOW TO GET HIGH PAYING JOB ( Guarenteed )<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><i><br /></i></b></span>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><i><br /></i></b></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><i>Assalam o Alaikum</i></b></span> <span style="color: #20124d; font-size: large;">friends hope you guys are doing well, from today on wards I am starting career counselling on my blog for those who really need it!</span><br />
<span style="color: #20124d; font-size: large;"> On the whole its a general counselling for every one but as I live in Pakistan and finding a job is little bit different here and also I am aware of all the circumstances and problems that our youth face while beginning a career, so, I will focus more on Pakistani Youth or everyone who is facing the same conditions!</span><br />
<span style="color: #20124d; font-size: large;"> Everyone loves to have a high paying job as soon as they graduate! because its a general thinking that we are studying because we have to find a good job and we choose our department in university according to need of companies more than our interest! But its a bitter truth that most of them do not get what they actually deserve or I should say what they think they deserve!! and that thinking is due to many reasons, for example: I have graduated from best university and students of this university get high paying job immediately, I am topper of my class or I am a gold medalist my C.V is full of my achievements and I deserve a high post in well reputed company, I have a very demanding degree so I must be hired soon!</span><br />
<span style="color: #20124d; font-size: large;"> And that's what complicates the beginning of your career! you might have seen many intelligent students or toppers of their batch working beneath their colleagues who hardly used to get passing marks! Why this is so? because their colleagues have not that thinking that we discussed above. But that's not the only reason! many of them may get a good job in beginning of their career but th1!ey are still not happy!</span><br />
<span style="color: #20124d; font-size: large;"> Lets discuss some important points or rules that you have to take care and you have to follow in beginning of your career so, you could be really successful in future!!!</span><br />
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<b style="color: #990000; font-size: xx-large;">1. YOUR DEGREE OR YOUR GRADES HAVE HALF VALUE WITHOUT EXPERIENCE!</b><br />
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<img border="0" data-original-height="183" data-original-width="275" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwfxJDH6hALZtK5XOGWyxYGKDwad5yJDXZkdUnggoSe15Vgnl9mAm9OfSfsP-4gFRKmF8N2VoWlbTboVx-We1AXe9m_asAGIUJY-Cb2UnDfcZiNnujmIAxsdIIkXdQfSDMkoUkQKzlQeY/s400/download+%25281%2529.jpg" width="400" /></div>
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<span style="color: #20124d; font-size: large;">Yes that's true, you might be a genius student but that interviewer doesn't really care about it, because there might be many students like you and they don't really need hardworking student they need hard working employee, they will only believe you when you will show them your experience of working, where have you worked and how! so, if you do not have any experience do not expect much from your degree! That means in beginning all you need to have is experience not the "salary" so, if you apply in any company and they call you for interview and show positive symbol for hiring you but at "low pay" never reject the offer because they are providing you with "experience" and that's what you really need to start a good career! always remember YOU ALWAYS NEED STAIRS TO GO UP! and FIRST STEP IS ALWAYS THE LOWEST. If you try to climb directly on peak you may fall down badly!</span><br />
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<span style="color: #990000; font-size: x-large;"><b>2. SENIOR IS ALWAYS SENIOR!!</b></span><br />
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<img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="1280" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKhKz40m9aQbMDelqyXSSjFPm5xVtr2Nbr3-BAHAR3Huj_fnjZ0dkbbqpFpBDHO1tJkhJWY7rDbo75XeYJwa4LFuedyKW3vHzkR3MP_HsnnlzedA0WyyWGCpaXBalr6Dr4E5tVgZJUZ6I/s400/maxresdefault.jpg" width="400" /></div>
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<span style="color: #20124d; font-size: large;">Well congrats you have been hired! and then you came to know that you have to work under a person whom qualification is lower than you! or who is really irritating for you, That's what make you uncomfortable and you are not really happy with him and even do not obey him properly! and that's add negative points in your career, your senior will definitely complaint to higher authorities and even if you are right on your point, no company will replace their senior experienced employee with new employee about whom they are not 100% sure weather he is good at his work or not and if they found you both can not go together so, definitely you will be the one going out!</span><br />
<span style="color: #20124d; font-size: large;">So, weather happily or forcefully obey your senior and try to make good relation with him/her! and remember HOW YOU TREAT YOUR SENIOR IS ACTUALLY HOW YOU ARE GOING TO BE TREATED BY YOUR JUNIORS!</span><br />
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<span style="color: #990000; font-size: x-large;"><b>3.NEVER STOP! </b></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdYoT9o10PthgzNjaAcLdzXyV13y4CBkCqMdLscGMZ1Ftmz3vZ_Gc3o2vL01DwvG1z_37uSTHR6mzPzpjDLfdEC10RcA7hga_FBoD_sn8VwZ8SAvIt17DL1XK7nr4bp-ajRwfPrryWbBk/s1600/blog-5-Reasons-to-Keep-Going-When-Life-Gets-Tough-400x209.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="209" data-original-width="400" height="206" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdYoT9o10PthgzNjaAcLdzXyV13y4CBkCqMdLscGMZ1Ftmz3vZ_Gc3o2vL01DwvG1z_37uSTHR6mzPzpjDLfdEC10RcA7hga_FBoD_sn8VwZ8SAvIt17DL1XK7nr4bp-ajRwfPrryWbBk/s400/blog-5-Reasons-to-Keep-Going-When-Life-Gets-Tough-400x209.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="color: #20124d; font-size: large;">Yes life is all about going forward, once you are stop you will be stuck forever! </span><br />
<span style="color: #20124d; font-size: large;">but what it actually means, you can keep on going by two ways.</span><br />
<span style="color: #20124d; font-size: large;">First one, if your job is not a "dream job" than keep on trying to get better and better but it does not mean that you start leaving every company after 2-3 months, it creates negative impact on your C.V. Leave your job only after a good experience and if the next job is really good than this one!</span><br />
<span style="color: #20124d; font-size: large;">Second one, If you have very good job and you don't want to leave it or you are not finding any good opportunity, but still you can go forward by increasing your knowledge or qualification, try to have short courses or take admission for master or any other degree that you can, it will add enough positive points in your career!</span><br />
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<span style="color: #20124d; font-size: large;">Well they are the key points of starting a successful career although there are many more things that you have to take care but please focus on these three points and I GUARANTEE YOU, YOU WILL NEVER BE DISAPPOINTED!</span><br />
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<span style="color: #20124d; font-size: large;">Hope you guys liked this post please write your comments and queries, any good or bad comment will be appreciated. Best of luck to all you guys, GOOD BYE!</span></div>
almin Gorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02242820975265328843noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-724286577485797494.post-83352646417446212902017-09-26T12:47:00.000-07:002017-09-26T12:47:02.654-07:00WOMEN ONLINE CLOTHING STORE (peach colored unstitched fancy dress)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="color: #660000; font-size: large;">Its a fact that most of the Women love shopping, and for shopping the hot favorite item is obviously "Clothes"and they should be according to their choice, good quality and fashion, finding a good cloth shop is a very difficult process specially if you are new in market and it may take several hours for just buying a single dress. In today's busy life it is quite difficult to give your precious time to a single dress, but the truth is a good dress is also a "need: of working women.</span><br />
<div>
<span style="color: #660000; font-size: large;"> Well its an Era of Online Shopping, whatever you need just open your internet and you can have it at your home with in no time! So, all those busy women can now have access to best quality, New fashion, designer wear and cheap clothes at their door step! you need wedding wears, lawn dresses, jewelry, jackets, slippers... just dial a number and get it now!</span></div>
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<img border="0" data-original-height="606" data-original-width="720" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwGEO3s2RzA1crqAErGnsk8UdPmdR6fryxwVMs0QnPHgVoPx0tCDYaV2KJJ4vfMRzOOOfN6_zaFTXglbmihf-NUAw7gZOO2uScmjFMuaTYxLv7mW7IXAntkp2ysXElxiiQYMBU0H0onK0/s1600/21617620_804887323026174_7933994120687028932_n.jpg" /></div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: purple; font-size: x-large;"><b><u><br /></u></b></span></span>
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<span style="color: #274e13; font-size: large;">Collection: Fancy</span></div>
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<span style="color: #274e13; font-size: large;">Quality: best</span></div>
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<span style="color: #274e13; font-size: large;">Pieces: 4</span></div>
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<span style="color: #274e13; font-size: large;">Design: Embroidered</span></div>
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<span style="color: #274e13; font-size: large;">Cloth: Chiffon</span></div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: purple; font-size: x-large;"></span></span><br />
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<span style="color: #274e13; font-size: large;">Brand: Maria-B</span><br />
<span style="color: #274e13; font-size: large;">Order now: </span><b style="background-color: white; color: purple; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: xx-large;"><u>0346-2765377</u></b></div>
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almin Gorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02242820975265328843noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-724286577485797494.post-11153239097788960482017-09-26T12:22:00.002-07:002017-09-26T12:23:24.736-07:00ONLINE WOMEN CLOTHING STORE (Mehndi colored Unstitched Fancy dress)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="color: #660000; font-size: large;">Its a fact that most of the Women love shopping, and for shopping the hot favorite item is obviously "Clothes"and they should be according to their choice, good quality and fashion, finding a good cloth shop is a very difficult process specially if you are new in market and it may take several hours for just buying a single dress. In today's busy life it is quite difficult to give your precious time to a single dress, but the truth is a good dress is also a "need: of working women.</span><br />
<div>
<span style="color: #660000; font-size: large;"> Well its an Era of Online Shopping, whatever you need just open your internet and you can have it at your home with in no time! So, all those busy women can now have access to best quality, New fashion, designer wear and cheap clothes at their door step! you need wedding wears, lawn dresses, jewelry, jackets, slippers... just dial a number and get it now!</span></div>
<div>
<script async="" src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script>
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<span style="color: #660000; font-size: large;"> N.A.Z Fashion Boutique is name of best quality now Proudly announce online delivery service for their respectable customers. You can get your Item by just dialing our contact number.</span></div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"> </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: purple; font-size: x-large;"><b><u>0346-2765377</u></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: purple; font-size: x-large;"><b><u><br /></u></b></span></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<img border="0" data-original-height="588" data-original-width="720" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnhOg7YdjZltBP7Eov7RyjqIneg889loasveetzE8lPSLsi2u83_F3lsHlosQzh82JEzpy206qrENtMkqP3nQj5azKRRyP3Xaf10UnoSHjxwFNcTsXg0VBt_MPFp_xkVUSF4Oma38nM28/s1600/21559036_804887266359513_5686226795080504853_n.jpg" /></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: purple; font-size: x-large;"><b><u><br /></u></b></span></span></div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: purple; font-size: x-large;"><b><u><br /></u></b></span></span></div>
<div>
<span style="color: #274e13; font-size: large;">Collection: Fancy</span></div>
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<span style="color: #274e13; font-size: large;">Quality: best</span></div>
<div>
<span style="color: #274e13; font-size: large;">Pieces: 4</span></div>
<div>
<span style="color: #274e13; font-size: large;">Design: Embroidered</span></div>
<div>
<span style="color: #274e13; font-size: large;">Cloth: Chiffon</span></div>
<div>
<span style="color: #274e13; font-size: large;">Brand: Maria-B</span><br />
<span style="color: #274e13; font-size: large;">Order now: </span><b style="background-color: white; color: purple; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: xx-large;"><u>0346-2765377</u></b></div>
</div>
almin Gorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02242820975265328843noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-724286577485797494.post-9154590936926598342017-09-22T13:32:00.002-07:002017-09-26T12:52:17.112-07:00ALL ABOUT AUTO INSURANCE<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<header class="light" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; color: white; float: none; font-family: proxima-nova, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; max-width: 1440px; padding: 25px 0px 30px; position: relative; text-align: center; width: 962px; z-index: 0;"><h1 style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a4d79; font-size: 52px; line-height: 1.06; margin: 0px; padding: 30px 0px; position: relative; text-align: inherit;">
<br />Auto insurance protects you against financial loss if you have an accident. It is a contract between you and the insurance company. You agree to pay the premium and the insurance company agrees to pay your losses as defined in your policy. Auto insurance provides property, liability and medical coverage:</h1>
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<li style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 20px;"><b><span style="font-size: large;">AUTO INSURANCE Property coverage pays for damage to or theft of your car.</span></b></li>
<li style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 20px;"><b><span style="font-size: large;">AUTO INSURANCE Liability coverage pays for your legal responsibility to others for bodily injury or property damage.</span></b></li>
<li style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 20px;"><b><span style="font-size: large;">AUTO INSURANCE Medical coverage pays for the cost of treating injuries, rehabilitation and sometimes lost wages and funeral expenses.</span></b></li>
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<b><span style="font-size: large;">An auto insurance policy is comprised of six different kinds of coverage. Most states require you to buy some, but not all, of these coverages. If you're financing a car, your lender may also have requirements. Most auto policies are for six months to a year. Your insurance company should notify you by mail when it’s time to renew the policy and to pay your premium.</span></b></div>
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almin Gorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02242820975265328843noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-724286577485797494.post-21845010140805138792017-09-19T12:30:00.000-07:002017-09-19T12:30:30.370-07:00EASY HAIRSTYLE TUTORIAL (For medium hairs)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "lustria";">Fashion & culture brings for you step by step tutorial of easy hair styles, that are unique and looks awesome, try them and give your reviews.</span><br style="background-color: white; font-family: Lustria; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "lustria";"> keep visiting </span></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "lustria";"> Thank you</span></b></span><br />
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<iframe width="640" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/APlUYzUn_XA" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>almin Gorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02242820975265328843noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-724286577485797494.post-26877714461968822612017-09-19T12:24:00.002-07:002017-09-19T12:24:55.725-07:00EASY HAIRSTYLES TUTORIALS (French Braid)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Lustria;">Fashion & culture brings for you step by step tutorial of easy hair styles, that are unique and looks awesome, try them and give your reviews.</span><br style="background-color: white; font-family: Lustria; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Lustria;"> keep visiting </span></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Lustria;"> Thank you</span></b></span></div>
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almin Gorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02242820975265328843noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-724286577485797494.post-16675222751756859332017-09-19T12:21:00.000-07:002017-09-19T12:21:11.471-07:00EASY HAIRSTYLES TUTORIAL (for long hairs)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Fashion & culture brings for you step by step tutorial of easy hair styles, that are unique and looks awesome, try them and give your reviews.<br />
keep visiting Thank you</div>
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<iframe width="640" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/ecA-H8_gf9E" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>almin Gorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02242820975265328843noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-724286577485797494.post-20370657511139420972017-09-19T12:10:00.001-07:002017-09-19T12:11:06.978-07:00ALL ABOUT URDU LANGUAGE (Pakistan National Language)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<b>Urdu</b> is a <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Persianised</span></span> and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">standardised</span></span> <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">register</span></span>language of the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Hindustani language</span></span>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-11" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[11]</span></span></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-12" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[12]</span></span></sup> It is the official <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">national language</span></span> and <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">lingua franca</span></span></i> of <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Pakistan</span></span>.</div>
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Urdu is an official language of <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">six states</span></span> of <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">India</span></span>—<span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Jammu and Kashmir</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Telangana</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Uttar Pradesh</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Bihar</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Jharkhand</span></span>, and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">West Bengal</span></span>—as well as <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Delhi</span></span>. It is also one of the 22 <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">official languages</span></span> recognized in the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Constitution of India</span></span>. The Urdu presence in India dates back to the Islamic <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Mughal Empire</span></span>, from which this language was born.</div>
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Apart from specialized <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">vocabulary</span></span>, Urdu is <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">mutually intelligible</span></span> with <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Standard Hindi</span></span>, another recognized register of Hindustani. The Urdu variant of Hindustani received recognition and patronage under <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">British rule</span></span> when the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">British</span></span> replaced the local official languages with English and Hindustani written in <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Nastaʿlīq script</span></span>, as the official language in <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">North</span></span> and <span style="color: #faa700;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Northwestern India</span></span>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-13" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[13]</span></span></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-14" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[14]</span></span></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-15" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[15]</span></span></sup> Religious, social, and political factors pushed for a distinction between Urdu and Hindi in India, leading to the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Hindi–Urdu controversy</span></span>.</div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Origin">Origin</span></h2>
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Urdu, like Hindi, is a form of <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Hindustani</span></span>. It evolved from the medieval (6th to 13th century) <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Apabhraṃśa</span></span> register of the preceding <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Shauraseni language</span></span>, a <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Middle Indo-Aryan language</span></span> that is also the ancestor of other modern Indo-Aryan languages, including the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Punjabi dialects</span></span>. Urdu developed under the influence of the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Persian</span></span> and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Arabic</span></span> languages, both of which have contributed a significant amount of vocabulary to formal speech.Around 99% of Urdu verbs have their roots in <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Sanskrit</span></span> and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Prakrit</span></span>.</div>
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Although the word <i><span style="color: #663366;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Urdu</span></span></i> is derived from the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Turkic</span></span> word <i><span style="color: #663366;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">ordu</span></span></i> (army) or <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">orda</span></span>, from which English <i><span style="color: #663366;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">horde</span></span></i> is also derived,Turkic borrowings in Urdu are minimal<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-26" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[26]</span></span></sup> and Urdu is not <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">genetically related</span></span> to the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Turkic languages</span></span>. Urdu words originating from <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Chagatai</span></span>and Arabic were borrowed through Persian and hence are Persianized versions of the original words. For instance, the Arabic <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">ta' marbuta</span></span></i> ( <span lang="ar" xml:lang="ar">ة</span> ) changes to <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">he</span></span></i> ( <span lang="ur" xml:lang="ur"><span class="Nastaliq" style="font-family: "jameel noori nastaleeq" , "urdu typesetting" , "noto nastaliq urdu" , "noto nastaliq urdu draft" , "hussaini nastaleeq" , "alqalam taj nastaleeq" , "irannastaliq" , "awami nastaliq" , "awami nastaliq beta3" , "awami nastaliq beta2" , "awami nastaliq beta1" , "nafees nastaleeq" , "nafees nastaleeq v1.01" , "pak nastaleeq" , "pdms_jauhar" , "alvi lahori nastaleeq";" title="Nastaliq">ه</span></span> ) or <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-28" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[note 1]</span></span></sup> Nevertheless, contrary to popular belief, Urdu did not borrow from the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Turkish language</span></span>, but from <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Chagatai</span></span>. Urdu and Turkish borrowed from Arabic and Persian, hence the similarity in pronunciation of many Urdu and Turkish words.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-29" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[28]</span></span></sup></div>
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<span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Arabic</span></span> influence in the region began with the late first-millennium <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Muslim conquests of the Indian subcontinent</span></span>. The Persian language was introduced into the subcontinent a few centuries later by various Persianized Central Asian <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Turkic</span></span> and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Afghan</span></span> dynasties including that of <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Mahmud of Ghazni</span></span>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-30" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[29]</span></span></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-31" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[30]</span></span></sup> The Turko-Afghan <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Delhi Sultanate</span></span> established Persian as its official language, a policy continued by the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Mughal Empire</span></span>, which extended over most of northern <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">South Asia</span></span> from the 16th to 18th centuries and cemented <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Persian</span></span> influence on the developing Hindustani.</div>
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With the advent of the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">British Raj</span></span>, Persian was no longer the language of administration but <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Hindustani</span></span>, still written in the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Persian script</span></span>, continued to be used by both <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Hindus</span></span> and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Muslims</span></span>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;">[<i><span style="background: none; color: #0b0080;" title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2016)">citation needed</span></i>]</sup> The name <i>Urdu</i> was first used by the poet Ghulam Hamadani Mushafi around 1780.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-32" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[31]</span></span></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-From_Hindi_to_Urdu:_A_Social_and_Political_History_33-0" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[32]</span></span></sup><sup class="reference" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;">(p18)</sup> From the 13th century until the end of the 18th century Urdu was commonly known as Hindi.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-From_Hindi_to_Urdu:_A_Social_and_Political_History_33-1" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[32]</span></span></sup><sup class="reference" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;">(p1)</sup> The language was also known by various other names such as <i>Hindavi</i> and <i>Dehlavi</i>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-From_Hindi_to_Urdu:_A_Social_and_Political_History_33-2" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[32]</span></span></sup><sup class="reference" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;">(pp21–22)</sup> The communal nature of the language lasted until it replaced <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Persian</span></span> as the official language in 1837 and was made co-official, along with English. Urdu was promoted in British India by British policies to counter the previous emphasis on Persian.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-34" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[33]</span></span></sup> This triggered a Brahman backlash in northwestern India, which argued that the language should be written in the native <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Devanagari</span></span> script. Thus a new literary register, called "Hindi", replaced traditional Hindustani as the official language of <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Bihar</span></span> in 1881, establishing a sectarian divide of "Urdu" for Muslims and "Hindi" for Hindus, a divide that was formalized with the division of India and Pakistan after independence (though there are Hindu poets who continue to write in Urdu to this day, with post-independence examples including <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Gopi Chand Narang</span></span> and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Gulzar</span></span>). At independence, Pakistan established a highly Persianized literary form of Urdu as its national language.</div>
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There have been attempts to "purify" Urdu and Hindi, by purging Urdu of <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Sanskrit</span></span> loanwords, and Hindi of Persian loan words, and new vocabulary draws primarily from Persian and Arabic for Urdu and from Sanskrit for Hindi. English has exerted a heavy influence on both as a co-official language.</div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Speakers_and_geographic_distribution">Speakers and geographic distribution</span></h2>
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The phrase <span class="Unicode" title="Urdu transliteration"><i>Zabān-i Urdū-yi Muʿallā</i></span>("The language of the exalted camp") written in <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Nastaʿlīq script</span></span>.</div>
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There are over 100 million native speakers of Urdu in India (more than 80% of it) and Pakistan together: there were 52 million and 80.5 million Urdu speakers in India some 5% and 6.5% of the total population of India as per the 2001 and 2011 censuses respectively;<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Census_of_India-_Languages_36-0" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[35]</span></span></sup>approximately 10 million in Pakistan or 7.57% as per the 1998 census and 16 million in 2006 estimates;<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-37" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[36]</span></span></sup> and several hundred thousand in the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">United Kingdom</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Saudi Arabia</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">United States</span></span>, and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Bangladesh</span></span> (where it is called "Bihari").<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Ethnologue_7-2" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[7]</span></span></sup> However, a knowledge of Urdu allows one to speak with far more people than that, because <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Hindustani</span></span>, of which Urdu is one variety, is the third most commonly spoken language in the world, after <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Mandarin</span></span> and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">English</span></span> .<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-38" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[37]</span></span></sup> Because of the difficulty in distinguishing between Urdu and Hindi speakers in India and Pakistan, as well as estimating the number of people for whom Urdu is a second language, the estimated number of speakers is uncertain and controversial.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;">[<i><span style="background: none; color: #0b0080;" title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2016)">citation needed</span></i>]</sup></div>
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Owing to interaction with other languages, Urdu has become localized wherever it is spoken, including in Pakistan. Urdu in Pakistan has undergone changes and has incorporated and borrowed many words from regional languages like <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Pashto</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Punjabi</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Sindhi</span></span> and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Balti</span></span>, thus allowing speakers of the language in Pakistan to distinguish themselves more easily and giving the language a decidedly Pakistani flavour. Similarly, the Urdu spoken in India can also be distinguished into many dialects like <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Dakhni</span></span> (<span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Deccan</span></span>) of South India, and Khariboli of the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Punjab region</span></span>. Because of Urdu's similarity to <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Hindi</span></span>, speakers of the two languages can easily understand one another if both sides refrain from using specialized vocabulary. The <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">syntax</span></span> (grammar), <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">morphology</span></span>, and the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">core vocabulary</span></span> are essentially identical. Thus linguists usually count them as one single language and contend that they are considered as two different languages for socio-political reasons.</div>
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In Pakistan, Urdu is mostly learned as a second or a third language as nearly 93% of Pakistan's population has a native language other than Urdu. Despite this, Urdu was chosen as a token of unity and as a <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">lingua franca</span></span> so as not to give any native Pakistani language preference over the other. Urdu is therefore spoken and understood by the vast majority in some form or another, including a majority of urban dwellers in such cities as <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Karachi</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Lahore</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Sialkot</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Rawalpindi</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Islamabad</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Multan</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Faisalabad</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Hyderabad</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Peshawar</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Quetta</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Jhang</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Sargodha</span></span> and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Skardu</span></span>. It is written, spoken and used in all <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">provinces/territories of Pakistan</span></span> although the people from differing provinces may have different indigenous languages, as from the fact that it is the "base language" of the country. For this reason, it is also taught as a compulsory subject up to higher secondary school in both English and Urdu medium school systems. This has produced millions of Urdu speakers from people whose native language is one of the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">State languages of Pakistan</span></span> such as <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Standard Punjabi</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Pashto</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Sindhi</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Balochi</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Potwari</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Hindko</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Pahari</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Saraiki</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Balti</span></span>, and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Brahui</span></span> who can read and write only Urdu. It is absorbing many words from the regional languages of Pakistan. This variation of Urdu is sometimes referred to as Pakistani Urdu.</div>
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Although most of the population is conversant in Urdu, it is the first language of only an estimated 7% of the population who are mainly Muslim immigrants (known as <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Muhajir</span></span> in Pakistan) from different parts of <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">South Asia</span></span>. The regional languages are also being influenced by Urdu vocabulary. There are millions of Pakistanis whose native language is not Urdu, but because they have studied in Urdu medium schools, they can read and write Urdu along with their native language. Most of the nearly five million <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Afghan refugees</span></span> of different ethnic origins (such as <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Pashtun</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Tajik</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Uzbek</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Hazarvi</span></span>, and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Turkmen</span></span>) who stayed in Pakistan for over twenty-five years have also become fluent in Urdu. With such a large number of people(s) speaking Urdu, the language has acquired a peculiar Pakistani flavour further distinguishing it from the Urdu spoken by native speakers and diversifying the language even further.</div>
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Many newspapers are published in Urdu in Pakistan, including the <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Daily Jang</span></span></i>, <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Nawa-i-Waqt</span></span></i>, <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Millat</span></span></i>, among many others (see <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">List of newspapers in Pakistan#Urdu language Newspapers</span></span>).</div>
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In India, Urdu is spoken in places where there are large Muslim minorities or cities that were bases for Muslim Empires in the past. These include parts of <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Uttar Pradesh</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Madhya Pradesh</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Bihar</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Telangana</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Andhra Pradesh</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Maharashtra</span></span> (<span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Marathwada</span></span>), <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Karnataka</span></span> and cities such as <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Lucknow</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Delhi</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Bareilly</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Meerut</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Saharanpur</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Muzaffarnagar</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Roorkee</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Deoband</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Moradabad</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Azamgarh</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Bijnor</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Najibabad</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Rampur</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Aligarh</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Allahabad</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Gorakhpur</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Agra</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Kanpur</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Badaun</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Bhopal</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Hyderabad</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Aurangabad</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Bangalore</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Kolkata</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Mysore</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Patna</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Gulbarga</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Parbhani</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Nanded</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Malegaon</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Bidar</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Ajmer</span></span>, and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Ahmedabad</span></span>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-40" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[39]</span></span></sup> Some Indian schools teach Urdu as a first language and have their own syllabi and exams. Indian <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">madrasahs</span></span> also teach <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Arabic</span></span> as well as Urdu. India has more than 3,000 Urdu publications, including 405 daily Urdu newspapers. Newspapers such as <i>Neshat News Urdu</i>, <i>Sahara Urdu</i>, <i>Daily Salar</i>, <i>Hindustan Express</i>, <i>Daily Pasban</i>, <i>Siasat Daily</i>, <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">The Munsif Daily</span></span></i> and <i>Inqilab</i> are published and distributed in <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Bangalore</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Malegaon</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Mysore</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Hyderabad</span></span>, and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Mumbai</span></span> (see <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">List of newspapers in India</span></span>).</div>
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Outside <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">South Asia</span></span>, it is spoken by large numbers of migrant South Asian workers in the major urban centres of the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Persian Gulf</span></span> countries. Urdu is also spoken by large numbers of immigrants and their children in the major urban centres of the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">United Kingdom</span></span>, the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">United States</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Canada</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Germany</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Norway</span></span>, and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Australia</span></span>. Along with <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Arabic</span></span>, Urdu is among the immigrant languages with the most speakers in <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Catalonia</span></span>, leading to fears of linguistic ghettos.</div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Cultural_identity_and_Islam">Cultural identity and Islam</span></h2>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Colonial_India">Colonial India</span></h3>
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Religious and social atmospheres in early nineteenth century India played significant roles in the development of the Urdu register. In addition to Islam, India was characterized by a number of tribal religions which each represented different spiritual outlooks and maintained different languages. These tribal religions were later categorized by British colonialists as Hinduism. Under British rule, the dispersed tribes associated with Hinduism pushed for unification by means of a common language. <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Hindi</span></span> became the distinct register spoken by those who sought to construct a Hindu identity in the face of colonial rule.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-:0_16-1" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[16]</span></span></sup> As Hindi separated from Hindustani to create a distinct spiritual identity, Urdu, which was originally spoken by both Hindu and Muslim elites, was employed to create a definitive Islamic identity for the Muslim population in India.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-42" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[41]</span></span></sup></div>
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As Urdu and Hindi became means of religious and social construction for Muslims and Hindus respectively, each register developed its own script. According to Islamic tradition, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Arabic</span></span>, the language spoken by the prophet <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Muhammad</span></span> and uttered in creation of the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Qur'an</span></span>, holds spiritual significance and power.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-43" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[42]</span></span></sup> Because Urdu was intentioned as means of unification for Muslims in Northern India and later Pakistan, it adopted an Arabic script.</div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Pakistan">Pakistan</span></h3>
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Urdu continued its role in developing a Muslim identity as the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Islamic Republic of Pakistan</span></span> was established with the intent to construct a homeland for Islamic believers. Several languages and dialects spoken throughout the regions of Pakistan produced an imminent need for a uniting language. Because Urdu was the symbol of Islamic identity in Northern India, it was selected as the national language for Pakistan. While Urdu and Islam together played important roles in developing the national identity of Pakistan, disputes in the 1950s challenged the necessity for Urdu as a national symbol and its practicality as the lingua franca. The significance of Urdu as a national symbol was downplayed by these disputes when English and Bengali were also accepted as official languages. In addition to the disagreements over the value of Urdu as a national language in Pakistan, recent Muslims in Asia question the necessity for the Urdu script to be distinctly different from the Hindi script. While early nineteenth century Muslims saw the Arabic script as part of their identity, certain modern Muslims choose to use a modified Hindi script in writing Urdu. Although Urdu was a distinct identity marker for Muslims in colonialist ruled India and a national symbol for Pakistan, its necessity has been put into question by modern Muslims in both India and Pakistan.</div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Official_status">Official status</span></h2>
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<span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image: initial;"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" data-file-height="2592" data-file-width="1944" height="293" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/UAE_signboard.jpg/220px-UAE_signboard.jpg" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/UAE_signboard.jpg/330px-UAE_signboard.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/UAE_signboard.jpg/440px-UAE_signboard.jpg 2x" style="background-color: white; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); vertical-align: middle;" width="220" /></span></span><br />
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A trilingual <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">signboard</span></span> in <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Gulf Arabic</span></span>, English and Urdu in the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">UAE</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image: initial;"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" data-file-height="1200" data-file-width="1600" height="165" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/New_Delhi_railway_station_board.jpg/220px-New_Delhi_railway_station_board.jpg" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/New_Delhi_railway_station_board.jpg/330px-New_Delhi_railway_station_board.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/New_Delhi_railway_station_board.jpg/440px-New_Delhi_railway_station_board.jpg 2x" style="background-color: white; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); vertical-align: middle;" width="220" /></span></span><br />
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A multilingual <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">New Delhi</span></span> railway station board</div>
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Urdu is the national and one of the two official languages of Pakistan, along with English, and is spoken and understood throughout the country, whereas the state-by-state languages (languages spoken throughout various regions) are the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">provincial languages</span></span>. Only 7.57% of Pakistanis have Urdu as their first language,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-45" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[44]</span></span></sup> but Urdu is mostly understood and spoken all over Pakistan as a second or third language. It is used in <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">education</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">literature</span></span>, office and court business.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-46" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[45]</span></span></sup> It holds in itself a repository of the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">cultural</span></span> and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">social</span></span> heritage of the country.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-zia_47-0" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[46]</span></span></sup> Although English is used in most elite circles, and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Punjabi</span></span> has a plurality of native speakers, Urdu is the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">lingua franca</span></span> and national language of Pakistan. In practice English is used instead of Urdu in the higher echelons of government.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-48" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[47]</span></span></sup></div>
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Urdu is also one of the officially recognized languages in <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">India</span></span> and the official language of <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Jammu and Kashmir</span></span>, one of the two official languages of <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Telangana</span></span> and also has the status of <i>"additional official language"</i> in the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Indian states</span></span> of <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Uttar Pradesh</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Bihar</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Jharkhand</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">West Bengal</span></span> and the national capital, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">New Delhi</span></span>.</div>
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In <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Jammu and Kashmir</span></span>, section 145 of the Kashmir Constitution provides: "The official language of the State shall be Urdu but the English language shall unless the Legislature by law otherwise provides, continue to be used for all the official purposes of the State for which it was being used immediately before the commencement of the Constitution."</div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Dialects">Dialects</span></h2>
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Urdu has a few recognised dialects, including <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Dakhni</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Rekhta</span></span>, and Modern Vernacular Urdu (based on the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Khariboli</span></span> dialect of the Delhi region). <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Dakhni</span></span> (also known as Dakani, Deccani, Desia, Mirgan) is spoken in <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Deccan</span></span> region of southern India. It is distinct by its mixture of vocabulary from <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Marathi</span></span> and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Konkani</span></span>, as well as some vocabulary from <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Arabic</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Persian</span></span> and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Chagatai</span></span> that are not found in the standard dialect of Urdu. Dakhini is widely spoken in all parts of <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Maharashtra</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Telangana</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Andhra Pradesh</span></span> and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Karnataka</span></span>. Urdu is read and written as in other parts of India. A number of daily newspapers and several monthly magazines in Urdu are published in these states. In terms of pronunciation, the easiest way to recognize native speakers is by their pronunciation of the letter <span class="Unicode" title="Urdu transliteration">"qāf"</span> (<span lang="ur" xml:lang="ur"><span class="Nastaliq" style="font-family: "jameel noori nastaleeq" , "urdu typesetting" , "noto nastaliq urdu" , "noto nastaliq urdu draft" , "hussaini nastaleeq" , "alqalam taj nastaleeq" , "irannastaliq" , "awami nastaliq" , "awami nastaliq beta3" , "awami nastaliq beta2" , "awami nastaliq beta1" , "nafees nastaleeq" , "nafees nastaleeq v1.01" , "pak nastaleeq" , "pdms_jauhar" , "alvi lahori nastaleeq";" title="Nastaliq">ق</span></span>) as <span class="Unicode" title="Urdu transliteration">"k̲h̲e"</span> (<span lang="ur" xml:lang="ur"><span class="Nastaliq" style="font-family: "jameel noori nastaleeq" , "urdu typesetting" , "noto nastaliq urdu" , "noto nastaliq urdu draft" , "hussaini nastaleeq" , "alqalam taj nastaleeq" , "irannastaliq" , "awami nastaliq" , "awami nastaliq beta3" , "awami nastaliq beta2" , "awami nastaliq beta1" , "nafees nastaleeq" , "nafees nastaleeq v1.01" , "pak nastaleeq" , "pdms_jauhar" , "alvi lahori nastaleeq";" title="Nastaliq">خ</span></span>).</div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Code_switching">Code switching</span></h3>
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Many bilingual or multi-lingual Urdu speakers, being familiar with both Urdu and English, display <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">code-switching</span></span> (referred to as "Urdish") in certain localities and between certain social groups.</div>
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On 14 August 2015, the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Government of Pakistan</span></span> launched the <i>Ilm</i> Pakistan movement, with a uniform curriculum in Urdish. <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Ahsan Iqbal</span></span>, Federal Minister of Pakistan, said, "Now the government is working on a new curriculum to provide a new medium to the students which will be the combination of both Urdu and English and will name it Urdish."<br />
<span class="mw-headline" id="Comparison_with_Modern_Standard_Hindi" style="font-family: "linux libertine" , "georgia" , "times" , serif;">Comparison with Modern Standard Hindi</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="display: inline-block; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: x-small; line-height: 1em; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: nowrap;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color: #54595d; margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">edit</span></span><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color: #54595d; margin-left: 0.25em;">]</span></span></div>
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Urdu and Hindi on a road sign in India</div>
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Standard Urdu is often <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">contrasted</span></span> with <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Standard Hindi</span></span>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-54" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[53]</span></span></sup> Apart from religious associations, the differences are largely restricted to the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">standard forms</span></span>: Standard Urdu is conventionally written in the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Nastaliq style</span></span> of the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Persian alphabet</span></span> and relies heavily on Persian and Arabic as a source for technical and literary vocabulary,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Language_in_India-Bringing_Order_to_Linguistic_Diversity:_Language_Planning_in_the_British_Raj_55-0" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[54]</span></span></sup> whereas Standard Hindi is conventionally written in <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Devanāgarī</span></span> and draws on <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Sanskrit</span></span>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Sikmirza_56-0" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[55]</span></span></sup> However, both have large numbers of Arabic, Persian and Sanskrit words, and most linguists consider them to be two standardised forms of the same language,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-UC_Davis-Linguists_57-0" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[56]</span></span></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Ethnologue_Report_for_Hindi_58-0" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[57]</span></span></sup> and consider the differences to be <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">sociolinguistic</span></span>,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-South_Asian_Voice_59-0" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[58]</span></span></sup> though a few classify them separately.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-60" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[59]</span></span></sup> Old Urdu dictionaries also contain most of the Sanskrit words now present in Hindi.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-61" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[60]</span></span></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-62" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[61]</span></span></sup> Mutual intelligibility decreases in literary and specialized contexts that rely on educated vocabulary. Further, it is quite easy in a longer conversation to distinguish differences in vocabulary and pronunciation of some Urdu <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">phonemes</span></span>. As a result of religious nationalism since the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">partition of British India</span></span> and continued communal tensions, native speakers of both Hindi and Urdu frequently assert them to be distinct languages, despite the numerous similarities between the two in a colloquial setting.</div>
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The barrier created between Hindi and Urdu is eroding: Hindi speakers are comfortable with using Persian-Arabic borrowed words<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-63" style="font-size: 11.2px; line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[62]</span></span></sup> and Urdu speakers are also comfortable with using Sanskrit terminology.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-64" style="font-size: 11.2px; line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[63]</span></span></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-65" style="font-size: 11.2px; line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[64]</span></span></sup></div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Vocabulary">Vocabulary</span></h2>
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<tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;">Arabic</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;">29.9%<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-ArabPersian_69-0" style="font-size: 11.2px; line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[68]</span></span></sup></td></tr>
<tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;">Sanskrit</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;">25.2%<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-SansPrar_70-0" style="font-size: 11.2px; line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[69]</span></span></sup></td></tr>
<tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;">Persian</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;">21.7%<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-ArabPersian_69-1" style="font-size: 11.2px; line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[68]</span></span></sup></td></tr>
<tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;">English</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;">7.8%<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-71" style="font-size: 11.2px; line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[70]</span></span></sup></td></tr>
<tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;">Prakrit</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em;">6.1%<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-SansPrar_70-1" style="font-size: 11.2px; line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[69]</span></span></sup></td></tr>
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Urdu's vocabulary has borrowings from various languages. A corpus-based quantitative survey of the etymological origins of basic Urdu vocabulary is shown in the adjacent table. Many of the words of Arabic origin have been adopted through Persian and have different pronunciations and nuances of meaning and usage than they do in Arabic. There are also a smaller number of borrowings from <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Chagatai</span></span>, and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Portuguese</span></span>.</div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Levels_of_formality">Levels of formality</span></h3>
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Urdu in its less formalised <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">register</span></span> has been referred to as a <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">rek̤h̤tah</span></span></i> (<span class="Nastaliq" style="font-family: "jameel noori nastaleeq" , "urdu typesetting" , "noto nastaliq urdu" , "noto nastaliq urdu draft" , "hussaini nastaleeq" , "alqalam taj nastaleeq" , "irannastaliq" , "awami nastaliq" , "awami nastaliq beta3" , "awami nastaliq beta2" , "awami nastaliq beta1" , "nafees nastaleeq" , "nafees nastaleeq v1.01" , "pak nastaleeq" , "pdms_jauhar" , "alvi lahori nastaleeq";" title="Nastaliq">ریختہ</span>, <span class="IPA" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[reːxt̪aː]</span>), meaning "rough mixture". The more formal register of Urdu is sometimes referred to as <span class="Unicode" title="Urdu transliteration"><i>zabān-i Urdū-yi muʿallá</i></span> (<span class="Nastaliq" style="font-family: "jameel noori nastaleeq" , "urdu typesetting" , "noto nastaliq urdu" , "noto nastaliq urdu draft" , "hussaini nastaleeq" , "alqalam taj nastaleeq" , "irannastaliq" , "awami nastaliq" , "awami nastaliq beta3" , "awami nastaliq beta2" , "awami nastaliq beta1" , "nafees nastaleeq" , "nafees nastaleeq v1.01" , "pak nastaleeq" , "pdms_jauhar" , "alvi lahori nastaleeq";" title="Nastaliq">زبانِ اُردُوئے معلّٰى</span> <span class="IPA" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[zəbaːn eː ʊrd̪u eː moəllaː]</span>), the "Language of the Exalted Camp", referring to the Imperial army.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-72" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[71]</span></span></sup></div>
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The <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">etymology</span></span> of the word used in the Urdu language for the most part decides how polite or refined one's speech is. For example, Urdu speakers would distinguish between <span class="Nastaliq" style="font-family: "jameel noori nastaleeq" , "urdu typesetting" , "noto nastaliq urdu" , "noto nastaliq urdu draft" , "hussaini nastaleeq" , "alqalam taj nastaleeq" , "irannastaliq" , "awami nastaliq" , "awami nastaliq beta3" , "awami nastaliq beta2" , "awami nastaliq beta1" , "nafees nastaleeq" , "nafees nastaleeq v1.01" , "pak nastaleeq" , "pdms_jauhar" , "alvi lahori nastaleeq";" title="Nastaliq">پانی</span> <i>pānī</i> and <span class="Nastaliq" style="font-family: "jameel noori nastaleeq" , "urdu typesetting" , "noto nastaliq urdu" , "noto nastaliq urdu draft" , "hussaini nastaleeq" , "alqalam taj nastaleeq" , "irannastaliq" , "awami nastaliq" , "awami nastaliq beta3" , "awami nastaliq beta2" , "awami nastaliq beta1" , "nafees nastaleeq" , "nafees nastaleeq v1.01" , "pak nastaleeq" , "pdms_jauhar" , "alvi lahori nastaleeq";" title="Nastaliq">آب</span> <i>āb</i>, both meaning "water"; the former is used colloquially and has older <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Indic</span></span> origins, whereas the latter is used formally and poetically, being of <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Persian</span></span> origin.</div>
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If a word is of <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Persian</span></span> or <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Arabic</span></span> origin, the level of speech is considered to be more formal and grand. Similarly, if Persian or Arabic grammar constructs, such as the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">izafat</span></span>, are used in Urdu, the level of speech is also considered more formal and grand. If a word is inherited from <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Sanskrit</span></span>, the level of speech is considered more colloquial and personal.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-University_of_North_Carolina_at_Chapel_Hill_73-0" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[72]</span></span></sup> This distinction is similar to the division in English between words of <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Latin</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">French</span></span> and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Old English</span></span> origins.</div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Writing_system" style="font-size: large;">Writing system</span></h2>
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The Urdu <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Nastaʿliq</span></span> alphabet, with names in the Devanāgarī and Latin alphabets</div>
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Urdu is written right-to left in an extension of the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Persian alphabet</span></span>, which is itself an extension of the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Arabic alphabet</span></span>. Urdu is associated with the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Nastaʿlīq style</span></span> of <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Persian calligraphy</span></span>, whereas <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Arabic</span></span> is generally written in the <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Naskh</span></span></i> or <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Ruq'ah</span></span></i> styles. <i>Nasta’liq</i> is notoriously difficult to typeset, so Urdu newspapers were hand-written by masters of calligraphy, known as <i>kātib</i> or <i><u>kh</u>ush-nawīs</i>, until the late 1980s.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;">[<i><span style="background: none; color: #0b0080;" title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2013)">citation needed</span></i>]</sup> One handwritten Urdu newspaper, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">The Musalman</span></span>, is still published daily in <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Chennai</span></span>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-74" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[73]</span></span></sup></div>
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Urdu has also historically been written in the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Kaithi</span></span> script. A highly Persianized and technical form of Urdu was the <i>lingua franca</i> of the law courts of the British administration in <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Bengal</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Bihar</span></span>, and the North-West Provinces & Oudh. Until the late 19th century, all proceedings and court transactions in this register of Urdu were written officially in the Persian script. In 1880, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Sir Ashley Eden</span></span>, the Lieutenant-Governor of Bengal abolished the use of the Persian alphabet in the law courts of <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Bengal</span></span> and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Bihar</span></span> and ordered the exclusive use of <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Kaithi</span></span>, a popular script used for both Urdu and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Hindi</span></span>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-75" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[74]</span></span></sup>Kaithi's association with Urdu and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Hindi</span></span> was ultimately eliminated by the political contest between these languages and their scripts, in which the Persian script was definitively linked to Urdu.</div>
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More recently in India, Urdu speakers have adopted <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Devanagari</span></span> for publishing Urdu periodicals and have innovated new strategies to mark Urdu in Devanagari as distinct from Hindi in Devanagari. Such publishers have introduced new orthographic features into Devanagari for the purpose of representing the Perso-Arabic etymology of Urdu words. One example is the use of अ (Devanagari <i>a</i>) with vowel signs to mimic contexts of <span class="Nastaliq" style="font-family: "jameel noori nastaleeq" , "urdu typesetting" , "noto nastaliq urdu" , "noto nastaliq urdu draft" , "hussaini nastaleeq" , "alqalam taj nastaleeq" , "irannastaliq" , "awami nastaliq" , "awami nastaliq beta3" , "awami nastaliq beta2" , "awami nastaliq beta1" , "nafees nastaleeq" , "nafees nastaleeq v1.01" , "pak nastaleeq" , "pdms_jauhar" , "alvi lahori nastaleeq";" title="Nastaliq">ع</span> (<i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">‘ain</span></span></i>), in violation of Hindi orthographic rules. For Urdu publishers, the use of Devanagari gives them a greater audience, whereas the orthographic changes help them preserve a distinct identity of Urdu.</div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Literature">Literature</span></h2>
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Urdu has become a literary language only in recent centuries, as <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Persian</span></span> was formerly the idiom of choice for the Muslim courts of North India. However, despite its relatively late development, Urdu literature boasts of some world-recognised artists and a considerable corpus.</div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Prose" style="font-size: small;">Prose</span></h3>
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Urdu afsana is a kind of Urdu prose in which many experiments have been done by short story writers from Munshi Prem Chand to <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Naeem Baig</span></span>.</div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Religious">Religious</span></h4>
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Urdu holds the largest collection of works on <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Islamic literature</span></span> and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Sharia</span></span>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;">[<i><span style="background: none; color: #0b0080;" title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2017)">citation needed</span></i>]</sup> These include translations and interpretation of the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Qur'an</span></span> as well as commentary on <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Hadith</span></span></i>, <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Fiqh</span></span></i>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">history</span></span>, and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Sufism</span></span>. A great number of classical texts from <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Arabic</span></span> and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Persian</span></span> have also been translated into Urdu. Relatively inexpensive publishing, combined with the use of Urdu as a <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">lingua franca</span></span> among Muslims of <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">South Asia</span></span>, has meant that Islam-related works in Urdu far outnumber such works in any other South Asian language. Popular Islamic books are also written in Urdu.</div>
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It is interesting to note that a treatise on Astrology was penned in Urdu by <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Pandit Roop Chand Joshi</span></span> in the eighteenth century. The book, known as <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Lal Kitab</span></span>, is widely popular in North India among astrologers.</div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Literary">Literary</span></h4>
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Secular prose includes all categories of widely known fiction and non-fiction work, separable into genres. The <i>dāstān</i>, or tale, a traditional story that may have many characters and complex plotting. This has now fallen into disuse.</div>
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The <i>afsāna</i> or <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">short story</span></span> is probably the best-known genre of Urdu fiction. The best-known <i>afsāna</i> writers, or <i>afsāna nigār</i>, in Urdu are <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Munshi Premchand</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Saadat Hasan Manto</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Rajinder Singh Bedi</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Krishan Chander</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Qurratulain Hyder</span></span> (Qurat-ul-Ain Haider), <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Ismat Chughtai</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Ghulam Abbas</span></span>, and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Ahmad Nadeem Qasimi</span></span>. Towards the end of last century Paigham Afaqui's novel Makaan appeared with a reviving force for Urdu novel resulting into writing of novels getting a boost in Urdu literature and a number of writers like Ghazanfer, Abdus Samad, Sarwat Khan and Musharraf Alam Zauqi have taken the move forward. Munshi Premchand, became known as a pioneer in the <i>afsāna</i>, though some contend that his were not technically the first as Sir Ross Masood had already written many short stories in Urdu. <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Novels</span></span> form a genre of their own, in the tradition of the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">English novel</span></span>. Other genres include <i>saférnāma</i> (travel story), <i>mazmoon</i> (essay), <i>sarguzisht</i> (account/narrative), <i>inshaeya</i> (satirical essay), <i>murasela</i> (editorial), and <i>khud navvisht</i> (autobiography).</div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Poetry">Poetry</span></h3>
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<span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Mir Taqi Mir</span></span> (1723–1810) (<span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Urdu</span></span>: <span dir="rtl" lang="ur" xml:lang="ur"><span class="Nastaliq" style="font-family: "jameel noori nastaleeq" , "urdu typesetting" , "noto nastaliq urdu" , "noto nastaliq urdu draft" , "hussaini nastaleeq" , "alqalam taj nastaleeq" , "irannastaliq" , "awami nastaliq" , "awami nastaliq beta3" , "awami nastaliq beta2" , "awami nastaliq beta1" , "nafees nastaleeq" , "nafees nastaleeq v1.01" , "pak nastaleeq" , "pdms_jauhar" , "alvi lahori nastaleeq"; font-size: 15.463px;" title="Nastaliq">میر تقی میر</span></span>) was the leading Urdu poet of the 18th century in the courts of <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Mughal Empire</span></span> and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Nawabs of Awadh</span></span></div>
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An illustrated manuscript of one of <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Amir Khusrau</span></span>'s (1253–1325 CE) <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Persian</span></span> poems</div>
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<span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Allama Muhammad Iqbal</span></span>, the national poet of <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Pakistan</span></span></div>
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Urdu has been one of the premier languages of poetry in South Asia for two centuries, and has developed a rich tradition in a variety of poetic genres. The <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Ghazal</span></span> in Urdu represents the most popular form of subjective music and poetry, whereas the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Nazm</span></span> exemplifies the objective kind, often reserved for narrative, descriptive, didactic or satirical purposes. Under the broad head of the Nazm we may also include the classical forms of poems known by specific names such as <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Masnavi</span></span> (a long narrative poem in rhyming couplets on any theme: romantic, religious, or didactic), <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Marsia</span></span> (an elegy traditionally meant to commemorate the martyrdom of <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Husayn ibn Ali</span></span>, grandson of Muhammad, and his comrades of the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Karbala</span></span> fame), or <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Qasida</span></span> (a panegyric written in praise of a king or a nobleman), for all these poems have a single presiding subject, logically developed and concluded. However, these poetic species have an old world aura about their subject and style, and are different from the modern Nazm, supposed to have come into vogue in the later part of the nineteenth century. Probably the most widely recited, and memorised genre of contemporary Urdu poetry is <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">nāt</span></span>—panegyric poetry written in praise of <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Muhammad</span></span>. <i>Nāt</i> can be of any formal category, but is most commonly in the <i>ghazal</i> form. The language used in Urdu <i>nāt</i> ranges from the intensely colloquial to a highly <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">persified</span></span> formal language. The great early 20th century scholar <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Ala Hazrat</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi</span></span>, who wrote many of the most well known <i>nāt</i>s in Urdu (the collection of his poetic work is Hadaiq-e-Baqhshish), epitomised this range in a <i>ghazal</i> of nine stanzas (<i>bayt</i>) in which every stanza contains half a line each of Arabic, Persian, formal Urdu, and colloquial Hindi.</div>
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Another important genre of Urdu prose are the poems commemorating the martyrdom of <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Husayn ibn Ali</span></span> at the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Battle of Karbala</span></span>, called <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">noha</span></span> (نوحہ) and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">marsia</span></span>. <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Anees</span></span> and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Dabeer</span></span> are famous in this regard.</div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Terminology">Terminology</span></h4>
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<i><b>As̱ẖʿār</b></i> (<span lang="ur" xml:lang="ur"><span class="Nastaliq" style="font-family: "jameel noori nastaleeq" , "urdu typesetting" , "noto nastaliq urdu" , "noto nastaliq urdu draft" , "hussaini nastaleeq" , "alqalam taj nastaleeq" , "irannastaliq" , "awami nastaliq" , "awami nastaliq beta3" , "awami nastaliq beta2" , "awami nastaliq beta1" , "nafees nastaleeq" , "nafees nastaleeq v1.01" , "pak nastaleeq" , "pdms_jauhar" , "alvi lahori nastaleeq";" title="Nastaliq">اشعار</span></span>, verse, couplets): It consists of two hemistiches (lines) called <span class="Unicode" title="Urdu ALA-LC transliteration"><i>Miṣraʿ</i></span> (<span lang="ur" xml:lang="ur"><span class="Nastaliq" style="font-family: "jameel noori nastaleeq" , "urdu typesetting" , "noto nastaliq urdu" , "noto nastaliq urdu draft" , "hussaini nastaleeq" , "alqalam taj nastaleeq" , "irannastaliq" , "awami nastaliq" , "awami nastaliq beta3" , "awami nastaliq beta2" , "awami nastaliq beta1" , "nafees nastaleeq" , "nafees nastaleeq v1.01" , "pak nastaleeq" , "pdms_jauhar" , "alvi lahori nastaleeq";" title="Nastaliq">مصرع</span></span>); first hemistich (line) is called <span lang="ur" xml:lang="ur"><span class="Nastaliq" style="font-family: "jameel noori nastaleeq" , "urdu typesetting" , "noto nastaliq urdu" , "noto nastaliq urdu draft" , "hussaini nastaleeq" , "alqalam taj nastaleeq" , "irannastaliq" , "awami nastaliq" , "awami nastaliq beta3" , "awami nastaliq beta2" , "awami nastaliq beta1" , "nafees nastaleeq" , "nafees nastaleeq v1.01" , "pak nastaleeq" , "pdms_jauhar" , "alvi lahori nastaleeq";" title="Nastaliq">مصرعِ اولٰى</span></span> (<i>Miṣraʿ-i ūlá</i>) and the second is called (<span lang="ur" xml:lang="ur"><span class="Nastaliq" style="font-family: "jameel noori nastaleeq" , "urdu typesetting" , "noto nastaliq urdu" , "noto nastaliq urdu draft" , "hussaini nastaleeq" , "alqalam taj nastaleeq" , "irannastaliq" , "awami nastaliq" , "awami nastaliq beta3" , "awami nastaliq beta2" , "awami nastaliq beta1" , "nafees nastaleeq" , "nafees nastaleeq v1.01" , "pak nastaleeq" , "pdms_jauhar" , "alvi lahori nastaleeq";" title="Nastaliq">مصرعِ ثانی</span></span>) (<i>Miṣraʿ-i s̱ānī</i>). Each verse embodies a single thought or subject (singular) <span lang="ur" xml:lang="ur"><span class="Nastaliq" style="font-family: "jameel noori nastaleeq" , "urdu typesetting" , "noto nastaliq urdu" , "noto nastaliq urdu draft" , "hussaini nastaleeq" , "alqalam taj nastaleeq" , "irannastaliq" , "awami nastaliq" , "awami nastaliq beta3" , "awami nastaliq beta2" , "awami nastaliq beta1" , "nafees nastaleeq" , "nafees nastaleeq v1.01" , "pak nastaleeq" , "pdms_jauhar" , "alvi lahori nastaleeq";" title="Nastaliq">شِعر</span></span> <i><u style="background: none; color: #0b0080; text-decoration-line: none;">sh</u><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">iʿr</span></span></i>.</div>
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In the Urdu poetic tradition, most poets use a pen name called the <span class="Unicode" title="Urdu ALA-LC transliteration"><i>ta<u>kh</u>alluṣ</i></span>. This can be either a part of a poet's given name or something else adopted as an identity. The traditional convention in identifying Urdu poets is to mention the <span class="Unicode" title="Urdu ALA-LC transliteration"><i>ta<u>kh</u>alluṣ</i></span> at the end of the name. Thus Ghalib, whose official name and title was Mirza Asadullah Beg Khan, is referred to formally as Mirza Asadullah Khan Ghalib, or in common parlance as just Mirza Ghalib. Because the <span class="Unicode" title="Urdu ALA-LC transliteration"><i>ta<u>kh</u>alluṣ</i></span> can be a part of their actual name, some poets end up having that part of their name repeated, such as Faiz Ahmad Faiz.</div>
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The word <span class="Unicode" title="Urdu ALA-LC transliteration"><i>ta<u>kh</u>alluṣ</i></span> is derived from Arabic, meaning "ending". This is because in the ghazal form, the poet would usually incorporate his or her pen name into the final couplet (<span class="Unicode" title="Urdu ALA-LC transliteration"><i>maqt̤aʿ</i></span>) of each poem as a type of "signature".</div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Urdu_poetry_example">Urdu poetry example</span></h4>
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This is <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Ghalib</span></span>'s famous couplet in which he compares himself to his great predecessor, the master poet <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Mir</span></span>:<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-77" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[76]</span></span></sup></div>
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<span class="Nastaliq" style="font-family: "jameel noori nastaleeq" , "urdu typesetting" , "noto nastaliq urdu" , "noto nastaliq urdu draft" , "hussaini nastaleeq" , "alqalam taj nastaleeq" , "irannastaliq" , "awami nastaliq" , "awami nastaliq beta3" , "awami nastaliq beta2" , "awami nastaliq beta1" , "nafees nastaleeq" , "nafees nastaleeq v1.01" , "pak nastaleeq" , "pdms_jauhar" , "alvi lahori nastaleeq";" title="Nastaliq">ریختہ کے تمہی استاد نہیں ہو غاؔلب</span></div>
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<span lang="ur" xml:lang="ur"><span class="Nastaliq" style="font-family: "jameel noori nastaleeq" , "urdu typesetting" , "noto nastaliq urdu" , "noto nastaliq urdu draft" , "hussaini nastaleeq" , "alqalam taj nastaleeq" , "irannastaliq" , "awami nastaliq" , "awami nastaliq beta3" , "awami nastaliq beta2" , "awami nastaliq beta1" , "nafees nastaleeq" , "nafees nastaleeq v1.01" , "pak nastaleeq" , "pdms_jauhar" , "alvi lahori nastaleeq";" title="Nastaliq">؎</span></span></div>
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<span class="Nastaliq" style="font-family: "jameel noori nastaleeq" , "urdu typesetting" , "noto nastaliq urdu" , "noto nastaliq urdu draft" , "hussaini nastaleeq" , "alqalam taj nastaleeq" , "irannastaliq" , "awami nastaliq" , "awami nastaliq beta3" , "awami nastaliq beta2" , "awami nastaliq beta1" , "nafees nastaleeq" , "nafees nastaleeq v1.01" , "pak nastaleeq" , "pdms_jauhar" , "alvi lahori nastaleeq";" title="Nastaliq">کہتے ہیں اگلے زمانہ میں کوئی مؔیر بھی تھا</span></div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Transliteration" style="font-size: small;">Transliteration</span></h5>
<dl style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.2em;"><dd style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; margin-left: 1.6em; margin-right: 0px;"><i>Reḵẖtah ke tumhī ustād nahīṉ ho G̱ẖālib</i></dd><dd style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; margin-left: 1.6em; margin-right: 0px;"><i>Kahte haiṉ agle zamānih meṉ ko'ī Mīr bhī thā</i></dd></dl>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Translation" style="font-size: small;">Translation</span></h5>
<dl style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.2em;"><dd style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; margin-left: 1.6em; margin-right: 0px;">You are not the only master of <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Rekhta</span></span></i>,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-78" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[note 2]</span></span></sup> Ghalib</dd><dd style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; margin-left: 1.6em; margin-right: 0px;">(They) say that in the past there also was someone (named) Mir.</dd></dl>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Sample_text" style="font-size: small;">Sample text</span></h2>
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See also: <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Hindi § Sample text</span></span></div>
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The following is a sample text in Urdu, of the Article 1 of the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Universal Declaration of Human Rights</span></span> (by the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">United Nations</span></span>):</div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Urdu_text" style="font-size: small;">Urdu text</span></h3>
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<dl style="margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.2em;"><dd style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; margin-left: 1.6em; margin-right: 0px;"><span lang="ur" xml:lang="ur"><span class="Nastaliq" style="font-family: "jameel noori nastaleeq" , "urdu typesetting" , "noto nastaliq urdu" , "noto nastaliq urdu draft" , "hussaini nastaleeq" , "alqalam taj nastaleeq" , "irannastaliq" , "awami nastaliq" , "awami nastaliq beta3" , "awami nastaliq beta2" , "awami nastaliq beta1" , "nafees nastaleeq" , "nafees nastaleeq v1.01" , "pak nastaleeq" , "pdms_jauhar" , "alvi lahori nastaleeq";" title="Nastaliq"><b>دفعہ ۱:</b> تمام انسان آزاد اور حقوق و عزت کے اعتبار سے برابر پیدا ہوئے ہیں۔ انہیں ضمیر اور عقل ودیعت ہوئی ہے۔ اس لئے انہیں ایک دوسرے کے ساتھ بھائی چارے کا سلوک کرنا چاہئے۔</span></span></dd></dl>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Transliteration_.28ALA-LC.29" style="font-size: small;">Transliteration (ALA-LC)</span></h3>
<dl style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.2em;"><dd style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; margin-left: 1.6em; margin-right: 0px;"><span class="Unicode" title="Urdu transliteration"><i><b>Dafʿah 1:</b> Tamām insān āzād aur ḥuqūq o ʿizzat ke iʿtibār se barābar paidā hūʾe haiṉ. Unheṉ ẓamīr aur ʿaql wadīʿat hūʾī hai. Is liʾe unheṉ ek dūsre ke sāth bhāʾī cāre kā sulūk karnā cāhiʾe</i></span>.</dd></dl>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="IPA_transcription">IPA transcription</span></h3>
<dl style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.2em;"><dd style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; margin-left: 1.6em; margin-right: 0px;"><b>d̪əfɑː eːk</b>: <span class="IPA" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">t̪əmɑːm ɪnsɑːn ɑːzɑːd̪ ɔːr hʊquːq oː ɪzzət̪ keː et̪ɪbɑːr seː bərɑːbər pɛːd̪ɑː ɦuːeː ɦɛ̃ː. ʊnɦẽː zəmiːr ɔːr əql ʋəd̪iːət̪ huːiː hɛː. ɪs lieː ʊnɦẽː eːk d̪uːsreː keː sɑːt̪ʰ bʱaːiː t͡ʃɑːreː kɑː sʊluːk kərnɑː t͡ʃɑːɦieː</span>.</dd></dl>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Gloss_.28word-for-word.29">Gloss (word-for-word)</span></h3>
<dl style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.2em;"><dd style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; margin-left: 1.6em; margin-right: 0px;"><b>Article 1:</b> All humans free[,] and rights and dignity *('s) consideration from equal born are. Them to conscience and intellect endowed is. This for, they one another *('s) with brotherhood *('s) treatment do should.</dd></dl>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Translation_.28grammatical.29">Translation (grammatical)</span></h3>
<dl style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.2em;"><dd style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; margin-left: 1.6em; margin-right: 0px;"><b>Article 1:</b> All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience. Therefore, they should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.</dd></dl>
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<b>Note:</b> <i>*('s) represents a possessive case that, when written, is preceded by the possessor and followed by the possessed, unlike the English "of".</i></div>
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almin Gorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02242820975265328843noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-724286577485797494.post-691830700724457222017-09-19T08:15:00.000-07:002017-09-19T12:13:52.491-07:00PROBLEMS THAT DOCTORS FACE IN PAKISTAN (PEHLA HISSA)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<b><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: large;">ASSALAM O ALAIKUM </span></b><span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: large;">doston, aap log soch rahe honge k "Fashion & Culture" k blog men bhala doctor ka kia kaam, magar kuch esi baten hamare "culture" ka hissa ban chuki hain jin se agar barwaqt peecha na chudaya gya to inhe adopt krna "Fashion" ban jayega, or apko to pta hi hy "jang or fashion men sab kuch jaiz hai". Alhamdulillah men ek doctor hun or is hi lie doctors pr rat din hone wale tashaddud ki na sirf "Aeni shahid hun balke "victim" bhi hun or ab bilaakhir unk khilaaf aawaz buland kr rhi hun ab ye ap logon ki zimmedari hy k is aawazko jahan tak ho sake phela den, in short "jungle men aaag ki trah".</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: large;"> Chalen asal baat pr aate hain, "doctor" banna ek esa laado hy jo khaye pachtae jo na khae pachtae, dusre mulkon ka to nhi pta mgr Pakistan mn jb ek bacha HSC-II k bad ye kehta hy men medical ka entry test dunga ya dungi ghar walon ko us mn tb hi se "future ka doctor" nazar aana shuru hojata hy. kehne wale ye bhi kehte hain k "bus ye entry test pass kr lo life ban jaegi" (note: mujhe in logon se akele men milna hy) bache pe ghar walon, mohalle walon, teachers, rishtedaron ka itna pressure hota hy k use padhai ka pressure bhi km lgne lgta hy wo bus logon ki sawaal krti nazron k khof se padhta hy, Entry test wale din lgta hy aj ya to mn doctor banunga ya phr chaprasi (us waqt ese hi khayal aate hain) or phr Allah Allah kr k jb ap test pass krte ho to us medical university k ilawa jis men apka admission hota hy baqi sb log apko "doctor" manna shuru krdete hain, mohalle ki kuch auntian to "munne ki khansi ki dawa" bhi likhwane ajati hain, university shuru hone se pehle apko lgta hy " men hawaon men hun" phr anaza hota hy k such men hawa men hi hun na aasman hy na zameen bus books books books. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: large;"> Agar ap apni family k pehle doctor hain to mubarak ho ab M.B,B.S apk lie 4 guna ziada mushkil hy q k apko koi iski "asliat" batane wala nahi hota. Or Khudanakhwasta, Allah nakre, toba meri toba agar ap hostel men rehte hain to bus....apka Allah hi hafiz hy. Pehla mushkil marhala tab hota hy jab apko pta chalta hy k yahan school or college ki trah notes nahi milenge balke books padhni hongi, ap sochte ho koi bat nahi padhlenge or phr ap books ka size dekhte ho...... to apko lgta hy koi ap se keh rha hy "samne camera hy hath hiladen" matlab itna wazan to mere bhanje ka nhi tha jitna ek ek kitab ka tha, or itni ghazab ki mushkil angrezi... jese Mars se ye books utri hon, mjhe ek bat smjh nhi aati humen angrezon k btae hue koi rules follow nahi krne "q k ye Pakistan hy yahan ese nahi hota" magar books unki likhi hui padhni hain "q k inka ek standard hy".</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: large;"> Mera manna hy pehle saal sirf Anatomy padhani chahie or kuch bhi nahi tab kahin ja ker Anatomy ka haq ada hoga! or bio chemistryy k lie meri dua hy ye zinda ap 4 5 dictionaries sath rkh k puri raat beth k ek topic padhte ho (q k apko "concept" banana hota hy) phr apko andaza hota hy agar yehi speed rahi to pure saal ek hi chapter complete ho sakega, exams qareeb ate hi aap ki dictionaries door kahin kone men padi hoti hain or ap "abey concept ki esi ki tesi" kar k sirf bhag rahe hote ho, nateejatan ap sare topics pr se guzar jate ho r sare topics apk sar k uper se guzar jate hain....</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: large;">Theory paper men wo topics kasrat se aate hain jinko ap "unimportant" samajh kr chod dete hain, ab aati hy Viva ki bari, (note: M.B,B.s men admission se pehle her candidate ko ye pta hona laazmi hy k student ki koi izzat nahi hoti, or M.B,B.S k bad bhi aapko kai saalon tak "izzat" ko bhoolna padega warna ap ye aag ka darya par nahi kr sakenge)</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: large;">to janab Viva men kuch Examiners bethe hi beizzati krne k lie hote hain, wo ap se ese sawal puchte hain jese is viva k foran bad apko kisi ki Jan bachne k lie bhagna hy or agar is sawal ka jawab nahi dia wo banda definitely marjaega or ap kabhi ek ache doctor nahi ban sakenge! Kher kuch teachers "co operative" bhi hote hain magar "aate men namak" k brabar.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: large;"> or phir apka rsult aat hai.......</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: large;"> (to be continued......)</span></div>
almin Gorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02242820975265328843noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-724286577485797494.post-91818429831881734012017-09-17T08:38:00.000-07:002017-09-17T08:42:02.161-07:00ALL ABOUT CLAY TRAVIS (true story)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<b style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif;">Richard Clay Travis</b><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif;"> (born April 6, 1979) is an </span><span style="color: #0b0080; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255);">American</span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif;"> sports </span><span style="color: #0b0080; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255);">journalist</span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif;">, writer, and television analyst for </span><span style="color: #0b0080; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255);">Fox Sports</span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif;">. He works as an analyst on </span><span style="color: #0b0080; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255);">Fox Sports 1</span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif;">'s college football pre-game show, as well as their weekly </span><span style="color: #0b0080; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255);">SEC</span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif;"> football show.</span><br />
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Early_life"><span style="font-size: small;">Early life</span></span></h2>
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Travis was born on April 6, 1979, in <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Nashville, Tennessee</span></span>. He graduated from <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">George Washington University</span></span> in 2001, majoring in history, as well as working as a student <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">basketball</span></span> manager. He then attended the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Vanderbilt University Law School</span></span> and graduated in 2004.</div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Career"><span style="font-size: small;">Career</span></span></h2>
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Travis originally worked as a <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">lawyer</span></span> in the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">U.S. Virgin Islands</span></span> and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Tennessee</span></span>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-auto_1-0" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[1]</span></span></sup> He attracted media attention in late 2004 with his personal blog written while he was living in the U.S. Virgin Islands. A <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Tennessee Titans</span></span> fan, Travis was unable to get <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">NFL Sunday Ticket</span></span>, the satellite TV package to watch <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">NFL</span></span> games in the islands, and went on a "pudding strike", eating only pudding every day for 50 days, with the goal of forcing <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">DirectTV</span></span> to carry the package in the Virgin Islands.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-2" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[2]</span></span></sup> The effort failed, but he blogged about the experience and received media attention.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-3" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[3]</span></span></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-tennessean_4-0" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[4]</span></span></sup></div>
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Travis began writing online for <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">CBS Sports</span></span> in September 2005, which for the first year was not paid.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-:3_5-0" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[5]</span></span></sup> In 2006, Travis finally gave up his law practice for good.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-:0_6-0" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[6]</span></span></sup> Later, while writing for CBS, Travis began working on a book, <i>Dixieland Delight</i>, where he visited all 12 stadiums in <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">college football's</span></span> <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Southeastern Conference</span></span>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-auto_1-1" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[1]</span></span></sup> After leaving CBS, Travis became a writer and editor at <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Deadspin</span></span>, and then a national columnist at <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">FanHouse</span></span>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-:3_5-1" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[5]</span></span></sup></div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Outkick_the_Coverage"><span style="font-size: small;">Outkick the Coverage</span></span></h3>
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After FanHouse was merged into <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Sporting News</span></span> in 2011, Travis founded Outkickthecoverage.com.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-:3_5-2" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[5]</span></span></sup> The website later became one of the most visited <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">college football</span></span> sites on the web.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-:0_6-1" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[6]</span></span></sup> While there, he continued developing his reputation for occasionally "contrarian" opinions.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-7" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[7]</span></span></sup></div>
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In 2008, Travis worked out at D1 Sports Training with <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">NFL</span></span> prospects preparing for the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">NFL Draft</span></span>. He later wrote a ten-part serial about the experience which he entitled <i>Rough Draft</i>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-8" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[8]</span></span></sup></div>
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In 2010, <i>Nashville Scene</i> named Travis "Best Sports Radio Host We Love To Hate" in the publication's "Best of Nashville" issue.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;">[<i><span style="background: none; color: #0b0080; text-decoration-line: none;" title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2015)">citation needed</span></i>]</sup> He later became a co-host of a sports radio talk show, <i>3HL,</i> on <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Nashville</span></span>'s <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">104.5 The Zone</span></span> with Brent Dougherty and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Blaine Bishop</span></span>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-:4_9-0" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[9]</span></span></sup> He also hosted a national sports radio show on <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">NBC Sports</span></span>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-:3_5-3" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[5]</span></span></sup></div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Fox_Sports"><span style="font-size: small;">Fox Sports</span></span></h3>
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In 2014, Travis resigned from his role on <i>3HL</i><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-:4_9-1" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[9]</span></span></sup> and was hired by Fox Sports for its weekly <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">college football</span></span> Saturday pre-game show.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-:0_6-2" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[6]</span></span></sup> In 2015, he signed a deal with Fox Sports to license his entire sports media brand under Fox Sports, including his website Outkick the Coverage, which was folded into Fox Sports' website.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-10" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[10]</span></span></sup> He also started a national weekly television show and restarted his <i>3HL</i> weekly radio talk show.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-11" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[11]</span></span></sup></div>
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Travis was called out by <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">DeMarcus Cousins</span></span> for an erroneous prediction he had made five years earlier that Cousins would be arrested.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-:1_12-0" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[12]</span></span></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-:2_13-0" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[13]</span></span></sup> In response, Travis offered to donate to a charity of Cousin's choosing.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-:1_12-1" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[12]</span></span></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-:2_13-1" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[13]</span></span></sup></div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Vanderbilt_controversy"><span style="font-size: small;">Vanderbilt controversy</span></span></h3>
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In August 2016, Travis criticized his alma mater, Vanderbilt University, for planning to remove the word "Confederate" for its historic <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Confederate Memorial Hall</span></span>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-tennconfederatevanderbilt_14-0" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[14]</span></span></sup> Consequently, Travis lost a US$3,000 promotion deal he had with <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Jack Daniel's</span></span>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-tennconfederatevanderbilt_14-1" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[14]</span></span></sup></div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="CNN_comment_controversy"><span style="font-size: small;">CNN comment controversy</span></span></h3>
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In September 2017 while a guest on <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">CNN</span></span> with anchor <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Brooke Baldwin</span></span>, Travis received criticism for remarking on "boobs" during a discussion on racism and sexism, saying he believes "in two things, the First Amendment and boobs."<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-15" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[15]</span></span></sup> Baldwin cut the interview short and later responded, “[W]hen I first heard 'boobs' from a grown man on national television (in 2017!!!) my initial thought bubble was: ‘Did I hear that correctly?'"<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-16" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[16]</span></span></sup> Previous to the CNN incident, Travis made the statement multiple times.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-17" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[17]</span></span></sup></div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Personal_life"><span style="font-size: small;">Personal life</span></span></h2>
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Travis' wife, Lara, is a former <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Tennessee Titans</span></span> cheerleader. They have three sons together.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-tennessean_4-1" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[4]</span></span></sup></div>
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<sup class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;"><br /></span></span></sup></div>
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<img border="0" data-original-height="383" data-original-width="554" height="276" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0BpCN2jSAnZHfmpkwbQQsZ19aCoYBZbpv3pf6d9saorjsXYHKTe91WpHpxlKLTiRsJ9cG0vvCqDuCe4jeVzHfA36c5k6nBdMNRWkUGuuIJYpxOaQ5rqmoO1qBufdoZSlCpCRR9aCYc-c/s400/Screen-Shot-2015-04-16-at-12.46.53-AM.png" width="400" /></div>
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<sup class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;"><br /></span></span></sup></div>
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almin Gorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02242820975265328843noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-724286577485797494.post-33328354375200971262017-09-17T08:26:00.000-07:002017-09-19T12:14:32.421-07:00ALL ABOUT AMBER TAMBLYN (some shocking facts)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" data-file-height="340" data-file-width="250" height="299" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Amber_Tamblyn.jpg/220px-Amber_Tamblyn.jpg" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/Amber_Tamblyn.jpg 1.5x" style="background-color: white; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; vertical-align: middle;" width="220" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">ALL ABOUT AMBER TAMBLYN</td></tr>
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<b style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif;">Amber Rose Tamblyn</b><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif;"> (born May 14, 1983) is an American actress, author, poet, and film director. She first came to national attention in her role on the soap opera </span><i style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">General Hospital</span></span></i><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif;"> as </span><span style="color: #0b0080; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255);">Emily Quartermaine</span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif;">, followed by a starring role on the prime-time series </span><i style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Joan of Arcadia</span></span></i><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif;">, portraying the title character, Joan Girardi. Her feature film work includes roles in </span><i style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants</span></span></i><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif;">, </span><i style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">The Grudge 2</span></span></i><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif;">, </span><i style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">The Ring</span></span></i><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif;">, and </span><i style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">127 Hours</span></span></i><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif;">; she had an extended </span><span style="color: #0b0080; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255);">arc</span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif;"> as </span><span style="color: #0b0080; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255);">Martha M. Masters</span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif;"> on the main cast of the medical drama series </span><i style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">House</span></span>.</i><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif;"> She also had a starring role as Jenny on season eleven of the CBS sitcom </span><i style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Two and a Half Men</span></span></i><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif;">.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Early_life">Early life</span></span></h2>
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Tamblyn was born in <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Santa Monica, California</span></span>. Her father, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Russ Tamblyn</span></span>, is an actor, dancer, and singer who starred in the 1961 film <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">West Side Story</span></span></i>, the 1954 film <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Seven Brides for Seven Brothers</span></span></i>, and the television series <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Twin Peaks</span></span></i>, and her mother, Bonnie Murray, is a singer, teacher, and artist.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-2" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[2]</span></span></sup> Her paternal grandfather, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Eddie Tamblyn</span></span>, was a <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">vaudeville</span></span> performer. She attended the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Santa Monica Alternative School House</span></span>, which, in her words, was "very unorthodox, no letter grades".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-3" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[3]</span></span></sup> At the age of ten, she played <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Pippi Longstocking</span></span> in a school play; her father's agent, Sharon Debord, was attending as a family friend and ended up convincing her father to allow Tamblyn to go on auditions.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Amber_4-0" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[4]</span></span></sup></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Career">CareeR</span></span></h2>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Television">Television</span></span></h3>
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Early guest starring roles include: <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Buffy the Vampire Slayer</span></span></i> (playing <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Janice Penshaw</span></span>, the best friend of <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Dawn Summers</span></span>), on <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Boston Public</span></span></i>, <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">CSI: Miami</span></span></i>, and <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Punk'd</span></span></i> (where <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Ashton Kutcher</span></span> and his crew members tricked her into losing someone else's dog). In 2007, Tamblyn starred in the CBS pilot <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Babylon Fields</span></span>,</i> an <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">apocalyptic</span></span> comedic drama about the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">undead</span></span> trying to resume their former lives.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-9" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[9]</span></span></sup> The CBS network excluded the show from its fall 2007 programming lineup, since it would have competed with the network's other undead-themed drama, <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Moonlight</span></span></i>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-10" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[10]</span></span></sup>Tamblyn's first TV role was Emily Bowen (later known as <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Emily Quartermaine</span></span>) on the soap opera <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">General Hospital</span></span></i>, a role that she played for six years (from 1995 to 2001).<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-5" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[5]</span></span></sup> She also starred in "<span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Evergreen</span></span>", the pilot episode of the revived <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Twilight Zone</span></span></i> series on <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">UPN</span></span> in 2002.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-6" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[6]</span></span></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-7" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[7]</span></span></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;">[<i><span style="background: none; color: #0b0080;" title="This claim needs references to better sources. (February 2017)">better source needed</span></i>]</sup> Tamblyn became better known playing Joan Girardi, a teenage girl who receives frequent visits from God, on the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">CBS</span></span> drama series <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Joan of Arcadia</span></span></i>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-8" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[8]</span></span></sup> Tamblyn's father made several appearances as God in the form of a dog walker on the show, which ran from 2003 to 2005.</div>
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In spring 2009, Tamblyn starred in <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">The Unusuals</span></span>,</i> playing <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">NYPD</span></span> <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">homicide detective</span></span> Casey Shraeger in this notably acclaimed crime drama.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-11" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[11]</span></span></sup> The show was canceled after its first season. In the same year, Tamblyn had a recurring role alongside her then boyfriend (later husband) <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">David Cross</span></span> in the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">IFC</span></span> sitcom <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">The Increasingly Poor Decisions of Todd Margaret</span></span></i>.</div>
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From November 2010 until April 2011, Tamblyn starred as medical student <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Martha M. Masters</span></span>, during the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">seventh season</span></span> of the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Fox</span></span> medical drama series <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">House</span></span></i>. She returned for the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">series finale</span></span> in 2012.</div>
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In August 2013, Tamblyn was cast as <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Charlie Harper</span></span>'s long-lost (and previously unknown) lesbian daughter, Jenny, on the long-running sitcom <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Two and a Half Men</span></span></i>, opposite Ashton Kutcher and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Jon Cryer</span></span>. Her first appearance was on the season 11 opener, September 26, 2013.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-12" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[12]</span></span></sup></div>
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Tamblyn has appeared on numerous episodes of Comedy Central's <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Inside Amy Schumer</span></span></i>, including the "Milk Milk Lemonade" sketch which aired in 2015. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-13" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[13]</span></span></sup> She has also guest starred on IFC's <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Portlandia</span></span></i> and <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Comedy Bang! Bang!</span></span></i>, as well as numerous shows on Adult Swim, including <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">The Heart, She Holler</span></span></i> opposite Patton Oswalt and <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Metalocalypse</span></span></i>.</div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Films">Films</span></span></h3>
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Tamblyn launched her film career playing bit parts in her father's movies: <i>Rebellious</i> and <i>Johnny Mysto: Boy Wizard</i>. She also appeared in 1995's <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Live Nude Girls</span></span></i>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Amber_4-1" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[4]</span></span></sup> Her first major film role was in 2005's <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants</span></span></i>, co-starring <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Alexis Bledel</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">America Ferrera</span></span>, and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Blake Lively</span></span>. She also starred in its 2008 sequel, <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants 2</span></span>.</i><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Amber_4-2" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[4]</span></span></sup></div>
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Her <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">horror film</span></span> career began with the opening scene of 2002's <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">The Ring</span></span></i>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Amber_4-3" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[4]</span></span></sup> Tamblyn also appeared in the Japan-set <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">The Grudge 2</span></span></i>, a sequel to the horror hit <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">The Grudge</span></span></i>. The film, which also stars <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Sarah Michelle Gellar</span></span>, was released on October 13, 2006, and debuted in the #1 spot at the North American box office.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Amber_4-4" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[4]</span></span></sup> In August 2010, Tamblyn won the Bronze Leopard at the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Locarno International Film Festival</span></span> for her performance in the title role of <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Stephanie Daley</span></span></i>. The film, which also won an award at the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">2006 Sundance Film Festival</span></span>, features Tamblyn as a 16-year-old who kills her baby, moments after giving birth in the bathroom of a ski resort.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Amber_4-5" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[4]</span></span></sup> She was also nominated for Best Actress at the Independent Spirit Awards. The film also stars <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Tilda Swinton</span></span> and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Timothy Hutton</span></span>. She also starred in <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Blackout</span></span></i> in 2008.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-ifmag2_14-0" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[14]</span></span></sup></div>
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In January 2008, Tamblyn appeared in the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Hallmark</span></span> film <i>The Russell Girl</i>, about a woman suffering from disease and mental anguish.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Amber_4-6" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[4]</span></span></sup> Tamblyn appeared in the 2009 film <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Spring Breakdown</span></span></i>, also featuring <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Amy Poehler</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Rachel Dratch</span></span>, and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Parker Posey</span></span>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-spring_15-0" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[15]</span></span></sup> Tamblyn appeared alongside <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Orlando Bloom</span></span>, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Colin Firth</span></span>, and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Patricia Clarkson</span></span> in the 2010 film <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Main Street</span></span></i>, a drama set in North Carolina. That year, she also had a role in the drama <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">127 Hours</span></span></i>, with <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">James Franco</span></span>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Amber_4-7" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[4]</span></span></sup></div>
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In 2012, Tamblyn starred alongside <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Wes Bentley</span></span> and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Vincent Piazza</span></span> in the indie feature <i>3 Nights in the Desert</i> directed by <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Gabriel Cowan</span></span>, written by award-winning playwright Adam Chanzit and produced by John Suits.</div>
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In 2015, Tamblyn starred opposite Bob Odenkirk in the Netflix original film, <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Girlfriend's Day</span></span></i>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-16" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[16]</span></span></sup></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Theater">Theater</span></span></h3>
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Tamblyn attended a grade school for the theatrical arts from the age of 5 to 14. She was discovered as an actress at the age of 9 when she starred in <i>Pippi Longstocking</i>.</div>
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In 2014 Tamblyn originated the role of Daisy Domergue for the live reading at the Ace Theater in Los Angeles of Quentin Tarantino's <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">The Hateful Eight</span></span></i>. She was hand picked by Tarantino, a long time friend, along with fellow cast members Samuel L. Jackson, Kurt Russell and others. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-17" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[17]</span></span></sup> Tamblyn starred in Neil LaBute's <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Reasons to be pretty</span></span></i> at the Geffen Playhouse in 2014, which received critical acclaim.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-18" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[18]</span></span></sup></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Poetry">Poetry</span></span></h3>
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Tamblyn has self-published two <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">chapbooks</span></span> of poetry, <i>Of the Dawn</i> and <i>Plenty of Ships</i>, and has participated in <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">poetry readings</span></span> at various venues, particularly in California. <i>The Loneliest</i>, a poem book inspired by <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Thelonious Monk</span></span> and his music, was published in 2005 and contains <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">haiku</span></span> poetry written by Tamblyn and coupled with collages by George Herms.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-19" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[19]</span></span></sup> Only 300 copies of the book were published.</div>
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In 2005, <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Simon & Schuster Children's Publishing</span></span> published Tamblyn's debut book of poems, written between the ages of 11 and 21, entitled <i>Free Stallion</i>. The <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">School Library Journal</span></span>'</i>s review states that, "<i>Free Stallion</i> is a compilation of poetry that amounts to a portrait of the artist as a teenager.... Many of the selections are appropriately self-absorbed but move beyond journalistic <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">catharsis</span></span> to real insight and stunning language for one so young."<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-20" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[20]</span></span></sup> Poet Laureate <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Lawrence Ferlinghetti</span></span> called the book, "A fine, fruitful gestation of throbbingly nascent sexuality, awakened in young new language." <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-21" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[21]</span></span></sup> Tamblyn has toured extensively with poet <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Derrick C. Brown</span></span>, including the now infamous Lazers of Sexcellence tours.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-22" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[22]</span></span></sup> In 2008, she was featured in the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Write Bloody Publishing</span></span> anthology, <i>The Last American Valentine: Illustrated Poems to Seduce and Destroy</i>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-23" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[23]</span></span></sup></div>
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Tamblyn appeared in a poetry concert film recorded on August 4, 2002 in Los Angeles, <i>The Drums Inside Your Chest</i>. Premiere date: April 26, 2009 at the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Newport Beach Film Festival</span></span>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-24" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[24]</span></span></sup> A new collection of poetry, <i>Bang Ditto</i>, was published in September 2009 by San Francisco's <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Manic D Press</span></span>. Beginning in October 2009, Tamblyn began blogging for the <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Poetry Foundation</span></span>'s blog, <i>Harriet</i>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-25" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[25]</span></span></sup> Her poem "Bridgette Anderson" was one of the poems featured in <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Saul Williams</span></span>' book <i>Chorus</i>, published by <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">MTV Books</span></span> in September 2011.</div>
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In 2007, she co-founded <span style="color: #663366;"><span style="background-attachment: initial, initial; background-clip: initial, initial; background-image: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent), url("data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml%20version%3D%221.0%22%20encoding%3D%22UTF-8%22%20standalone%3D%22no%22%3F%3E%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%2212%22%20height%3D%2212%22%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%20stroke%3D%22%2306c%22%20d%3D%22M1.5%204.518h5.982V10.5H1.5z%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M5.765%201H11v5.39L9.427%207.937l-1.31-1.31L5.393%209.35l-2.69-2.688%202.81-2.808L4.2%202.544z%22%20fill%3D%22%2306f%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M9.995%202.004l.022%204.885L8.2%205.07%205.32%207.95%204.09%206.723l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E"); background-origin: initial, initial; background-position: right center; background-repeat: no-repeat, repeat; background-size: initial, initial; padding-right: 13px;">Write Now Poetry Society</span></span>, dedicated to creating unique and quality poetry programming. The non-profit has a long history with <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">The Getty Museum</span></span>, curating poetry events in conjunction with art openings, such as 2011's <i>Dark Blushing</i>, featuring new poems commissioned by such luminaries as poets <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Patricia Smith</span></span> and NEA fellow <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Jeffrey McDaniel</span></span>, based on works of art by <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Dante Gabriel Rossetti</span></span> and <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">William Blake</span></span>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-26" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[26]</span></span></sup> Since 2011, Tamblyn has reviewed books of poetry by women for iconic feminist magazine, <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">BUST Magazine</span></span></i>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-27" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[27]</span></span></sup></div>
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In 2014, Tamblyn sold her third collection of poems, <i>Dark Sparkler</i>, to <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Harper Collins</span></span>. The book explores the lives and deaths of <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">child star actresses</span></span>. Tamblyn was quoted as saying the book's subject matter was very difficult to write and took over 6 years to complete. The book also features portrait art of the women by film director and artist <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">David Lynch</span></span> and musician and artist <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Marilyn Manson</span></span>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-28" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[28]</span></span></sup></div>
<h2 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Personal_life">Personal life</span></span></h2>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: sans-serif; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em;">
She is the daughter of actor <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Russ Tamblyn</span></span>. Her uncle is Larry Tamblyn, who is the keyboardist in the 1960s rock band <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">The Standells</span></span>,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Amber_4-8" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[4]</span></span></sup> while her grandfather is actor <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Eddie Tamblyn</span></span>.</div>
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Tamblyn and comedian/actor <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">David Cross</span></span> became engaged in August 2011,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-29" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[29]</span></span></sup> and married on October 6, 2012.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-30" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[30]</span></span></sup></div>
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On February 21, 2017, she announced that she and Cross had recently had a daughter, Marlow Alice Cross, whose name she joked via <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Instagram</span></span> to be Dauphinoise Petunia Brittany Scheherazade Von Funkinstein Mustard Witch RBG Cross Tamblyn-Bey jr.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-31" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[31]</span></span></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-32" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[32]</span></span></sup></div>
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She is sometimes said to be the goddaughter of actors <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Dean Stockwell</span></span>, musician <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Neil Young</span></span>, and the late <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Dennis Hopper</span></span>, although in a 2009 interview with <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Parade</span></span></i>, Tamblyn explained that "godfather" was "just a loose term" for Stockwell, Hopper and Young, three famous friends of her father's, who were always around the house when she was growing up, and who were big influences on her life.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-33" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[33]</span></span></sup></div>
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In a series of <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">tweets</span></span>, which were later reiterated in an open letter published in <i><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Teen Vogue</span></span></i>, Tamblyn revealed that actor <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">James Woods</span></span> tried to seduce her and a friend, as well as take them to <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Las Vegas</span></span>, when both were sixteen and Woods was aware of the fact; the three were at a restaurant.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-salon_34-0" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[34]</span></span></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-teenvogue_35-0" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[35]</span></span></sup> Woods has denied the accusations, and states that they are an attack on his political leanings.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-salon_34-1" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[34]</span></span></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-teenvogue_35-1" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">[35]</span></span></sup><br />
<sup class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;"><br /></span></span></sup>
<sup class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;"><br /></span></span></sup>
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